Merge branch 'master' into patch-20

Author: Colin Robertson

.openpublishing.redirection.json

@@ -1,18 +1,27 @@
 ---
 title: "ALIGN (MASM)"
-ms.date: "08/30/2018"
+ms.date: "01/02/2019"
 f1_keywords: ["align"]
 helpviewer_keywords: ["ALIGN directive"]
 ms.assetid: 1c386b23-439f-4ec3-a6de-74427b25e47f
 ---
 # ALIGN (MASM)
 
-Aligns the next variable or instruction on a byte that is a multiple of *number*.
+The **ALIGN** directive aligns the next data element or instruction on an address that is a multiple of its parameter. The parameter must be a power of 2 (for example, 1, 2, 4, and so on) that is less than or equal to the segment alignment.
 
 ## Syntax
 
 > ALIGN [[*number*]]
 
+## Remarks
+
+The **ALIGN** directive allows you to specify the beginning offset of a data element or an instruction. Aligned data can improve performance, at the expense of wasted space between data elements. Large performance improvements can be seen when data accesses are on boundaries that fit within cache lines. Accesses on natural boundaries for native types means less time spent in internal hardware realignment microcode.
+
+The need for aligned instructions is rare on modern processors that use a flat addressing model, but may be required for jump targets in older code for other addressing models.
+
+When data is aligned, the skipped space is padded with zeroes. When instructions are aligned, the skipped space is filled with appropriately-sized NOP instructions.
+
 ## See also
 
+[EVEN](even.md)<br/>
 [Directives Reference](../../assembler/masm/directives-reference.md)<br/>

docs/assembler/masm/align-masm.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ms.assetid: 201528e4-2ffa-48fc-af8f-203aa86d942a
 
 The [CTime](../atl-mfc-shared/reference/ctime-class.md) class has constructors that accept system and file times from Win32. If you use `CTime` objects for these purposes, you must modify their initialization accordingly, as described in this article.
 
-For information about the SYSTEMTIME structure, see [SYSTEMTIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724950). For information about the FILETIME structure, see [FILETIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724284).
+For information about the SYSTEMTIME structure, see [SYSTEMTIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-systemtime). For information about the FILETIME structure, see [FILETIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-filetime).
 
 MFC still provides `CTime` constructors that take time arguments in the MS-DOS style, but, starting in MFC version 3.0, the `CTime` class also supports a constructor that takes a Win32 `SYSTEMTIME` structure and another that takes a Win32 `FILETIME` structure.
 

docs/atl-mfc-shared/date-and-time-systemtime-support.md

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ CFileTime(ULONGLONG nTime) throw();
 ### Parameters
 
 *ft*<br/>
-A [FILETIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724284) structure.
+A [FILETIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-filetime) structure.
 
 *nTime*<br/>
 The date and time expressed as a 64-bit value.
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ See the example for [CFileTime::Millisecond](#millisecond).
 
 ## See Also
 
-[FILETIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724284)<br/>
+[FILETIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-filetime)<br/>
 [CFileTimeSpan Class](../../atl-mfc-shared/reference/cfiletimespan-class.md)<br/>
 [Hierarchy Chart](../../mfc/hierarchy-chart.md)<br/>
 [ATL/MFC Shared Classes](../../atl-mfc-shared/atl-mfc-shared-classes.md)

docs/atl-mfc-shared/reference/cfiletime-class.md

@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ The new value for the time span in milliseconds.
 
 ## See Also
 
-[FILETIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724284)<br/>
+[FILETIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-filetime)<br/>
 [CFileTime Class](../../atl-mfc-shared/reference/cfiletime-class.md)<br/>
 [Hierarchy Chart](../../mfc/hierarchy-chart.md)<br/>
 [ATL/MFC Shared Classes](../../atl-mfc-shared/atl-mfc-shared-classes.md)

docs/atl-mfc-shared/reference/cfiletimespan-class.md

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ class COleDateTime
 |----------|-----------------|
 |[COleDateTime::Format](#format)|Generates a formatted string representation of a `COleDateTime` object.|
 |[COleDateTime::GetAsDBTIMESTAMP](#getasdbtimestamp)|Call this method to obtain the time in the `COleDateTime` object as a `DBTIMESTAMP` data structure.|
-|[COleDateTime::GetAsSystemTime](#getassystemtime)|Call this method to obtain the time in the `COleDateTime` object as a [SYSTEMTIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724950) data structure.|
+|[COleDateTime::GetAsSystemTime](#getassystemtime)|Call this method to obtain the time in the `COleDateTime` object as a [SYSTEMTIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-systemtime) data structure.|
 |[COleDateTime::GetAsUDATE](#getasudate)|Call this method to obtain the time in the `COleDateTime` as a `UDATE` data structure.|
 |[COleDateTime::GetCurrentTime](#getcurrenttime)|Creates a `COleDateTime` object that represents the current time (static member function).|
 |[COleDateTime::GetDay](#getday)|Returns the day this `COleDateTime` object represents (1 - 31).|
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ Following is a brief description of each constructor:
 
 For more information on the `time_t` data type, see the [time](../../c-runtime-library/reference/time-time32-time64.md) function in the *Run-Time Library Reference*.
 
-For more information, see the [SYSTEMTIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724950) and [FILETIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724284) structures in the Windows SDK.
+For more information, see the [SYSTEMTIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-systemtime) and [FILETIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-filetime) structures in the Windows SDK.
 
 For more information about the bounds for `COleDateTime` values, see the article [Date and Time: Automation Support](../../atl-mfc-shared/date-and-time-automation-support.md).
 
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ bool GetAsSystemTime(SYSTEMTIME& sysTime) const throw();
 ### Parameters
 
 *sysTime*<br/>
-A reference to a [SYSTEMTIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724950) structure to receive the converted date/time value from the `COleDateTime` object.
+A reference to a [SYSTEMTIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-systemtime) structure to receive the converted date/time value from the `COleDateTime` object.
 
 ### Return Value
 
@@ -798,17 +798,17 @@ These overloaded assignment operators copy the source date/time value into this
 
 - **operator =(** `timeSrc` **)** The `time_t` or `__time64_t` value is converted and copied into this `COleDateTime` object. If the conversion is successful, the status of this object is set to valid; if unsuccessful, it is set to invalid.
 
-- **operator =(** *systimeSrc* **)** The [SYSTEMTIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724950) value is converted and copied into this `COleDateTime` object. If the conversion is successful, the status of this object is set to valid; if unsuccessful, it is set to invalid.
+- **operator =(** *systimeSrc* **)** The [SYSTEMTIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-systemtime) value is converted and copied into this `COleDateTime` object. If the conversion is successful, the status of this object is set to valid; if unsuccessful, it is set to invalid.
 
 - **operator =(** `udate` **)** The `UDATE` value is converted and copied into this `COleDateTime` object. If the conversion is successful, the status of this object is set to valid; if unsuccessful, it is set to invalid. A `UDATE` structure represents an "unpacked" date. See the function [VarDateFromUdate](/windows/desktop/api/oleauto/nf-oleauto-vardatefromudate) for more details.
 
-- **operator =(** `filetimeSrc` **)** The [FILETIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724284) value is converted and copied into this `COleDateTime` object. If the conversion is successful, the status of this object is set to valid; otherwise it is set to invalid. `FILETIME` uses Universal Coordinated Time (UTC), so if you pass a UTC time in the structure, your results will be converted from UTC time to local time, and will be stored as variant time. This behavior is the same as in Visual C++ 6.0 and Visual C++.NET 2003 SP2. See [File Times](/windows/desktop/SysInfo/file-times) in the Windows SDK for more information.
+- **operator =(** `filetimeSrc` **)** The [FILETIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-filetime) value is converted and copied into this `COleDateTime` object. If the conversion is successful, the status of this object is set to valid; otherwise it is set to invalid. `FILETIME` uses Universal Coordinated Time (UTC), so if you pass a UTC time in the structure, your results will be converted from UTC time to local time, and will be stored as variant time. This behavior is the same as in Visual C++ 6.0 and Visual C++.NET 2003 SP2. See [File Times](/windows/desktop/SysInfo/file-times) in the Windows SDK for more information.
 
 For more information, see the [VARIANT](/windows/desktop/api/oaidl/ns-oaidl-tagvariant) entry in the Windows SDK.
 
 For more information on the `time_t` data type, see the [time](../../c-runtime-library/reference/time-time32-time64.md) function in the *Run-Time Library Reference*.
 
-For more information, see the [SYSTEMTIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724950) and [FILETIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724284) structures in the Windows SDK.
+For more information, see the [SYSTEMTIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-systemtime) and [FILETIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-filetime) structures in the Windows SDK.
 
 For more information about the bounds for `COleDateTime` values, see the article [Date and Time: Automation Support](../../atl-mfc-shared/date-and-time-automation-support.md).
 

docs/atl-mfc-shared/reference/coledatetime-class.md

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class CTime
 |[CTime::Format](#format)|Converts a `CTime` object into a formatted string — based on the local time zone.|
 |[CTime::FormatGmt](#formatgmt)|Converts a `CTime` object into a formatted string — based on UTC.|
 |[CTime::GetAsDBTIMESTAMP](#getasdbtimestamp)|Converts the time information stored in the `CTime` object to a Win32-compatible DBTIMESTAMP structure.|
-|[CTime::GetAsSystemTime](#getassystemtime)|Converts the time information stored in the `CTime` object to a Win32-compatible [SYSTEMTIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724950) structure.|
+|[CTime::GetAsSystemTime](#getassystemtime)|Converts the time information stored in the `CTime` object to a Win32-compatible [SYSTEMTIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-systemtime) structure.|
 |[CTime::GetCurrentTime](#getcurrenttime)|Creates a `CTime` object that represents the current time (static member function).|
 |[CTime::GetDay](#getday)|Returns the day represent by the `CTime` object.|
 |[CTime::GetDayOfWeek](#getdayofweek)|Returns the day of the week represented by the `CTime` object.|
@@ -142,10 +142,10 @@ Indicates whether daylight savings time is in effect. Can have one of three valu
 MS-DOS date and time values to be converted to a date/time value and copied into the new `CTime` object.
 
 *st*<br/>
-A [SYSTEMTIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724950) structure to be converted to a date/time value and copied into the new `CTime` object.
+A [SYSTEMTIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-systemtime) structure to be converted to a date/time value and copied into the new `CTime` object.
 
 *ft*<br/>
-A [FILETIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724284) structure to be converted to a date/time value and copied into the new `CTime` object.
+A [FILETIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-filetime) structure to be converted to a date/time value and copied into the new `CTime` object.
 
 *dbts*<br/>
 A reference to a DBTIMESTAMP structure containing the current local time.
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ Each constructor is described below:
    > [!NOTE]
    > The constructor using `DBTIMESTAMP` parameter is only available when OLEDB.h is included.
 
-For more information, see the [SYSTEMTIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724950) and [FILETIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724284) structure in the Windows SDK. Also see the [MS-DOS Date and Time](/windows/desktop/SysInfo/ms-dos-date-and-time) entry in the Windows SDK.
+For more information, see the [SYSTEMTIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-systemtime) and [FILETIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-filetime) structure in the Windows SDK. Also see the [MS-DOS Date and Time](/windows/desktop/SysInfo/ms-dos-date-and-time) entry in the Windows SDK.
 
 ### Example
 
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ Stores the resulting time in the referenced *dbts* structure. The `DBTIMESTAMP`
 
 ##  <a name="getassystemtime"></a>  CTime::GetAsSystemTime
 
-Call this member function to convert the time information stored in the `CTime` object to a Win32-compatible [SYSTEMTIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724950) structure.
+Call this member function to convert the time information stored in the `CTime` object to a Win32-compatible [SYSTEMTIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-systemtime) structure.
 
 ```
 bool GetAsSystemTime(SYSTEMTIME& st) const throw();
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ bool GetAsSystemTime(SYSTEMTIME& st) const throw();
 ### Parameters
 
 *timeDest*<br/>
-A reference to a [SYSTEMTIME](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms724950) structure that will hold the converted date/time value of the `CTime` object.
+A reference to a [SYSTEMTIME](/windows/desktop/api/minwinbase/ns-minwinbase-systemtime) structure that will hold the converted date/time value of the `CTime` object.
 
 ### Return Value
 

docs/atl-mfc-shared/reference/ctime-class.md

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Using ATL, you can create a control with Dynamic HTML (DHTML) capability. An ATL
 
 - Specifies, using HTML, the user interface (UI) of the DHTML control.
 
-- Accesses the WebBrowser object and its methods through its interface, [IWebBrowser2](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/aa752127.aspx).
+- Accesses the WebBrowser object and its methods through its interface, [IWebBrowser2](/previous-versions/windows/internet-explorer/ie-developer/platform-apis/aa752127\(v=vs.85\)).
 
 - Manages communication between C++ code and HTML.
 

docs/atl/atl-support-for-dhtml-controls.md

@@ -70,10 +70,6 @@ Returns TRUE on success, FALSE on failure.
 
 Behaves like the current version of [InternetCanonicalizeUrl](/windows/desktop/api/wininet/nf-wininet-internetcanonicalizeurla) but does not require WinInet or Internet Explorer to be installed.
 
-### See Also
-
-[InternetCanonicalizeUrl](/windows/desktop/api/wininet/nf-wininet-internetcanonicalizeurla)
-
 ## <a name="atlcombineurl"></a> AtlCombineUrl
 
 Call this function to combine a base URL and a relative URL into a single, canonical URL.
@@ -281,5 +277,6 @@ A reference to a string variable to receive the HTTP date time as defined in RFC
 
 ## See Also
 
-[Concepts](../../atl/active-template-library-atl-concepts.md)<br/>
-[ATL COM Desktop Components](../../atl/atl-com-desktop-components.md)
+[Concepts](../active-template-library-atl-concepts.md)<br/>
+[ATL COM Desktop Components](../atl-com-desktop-components.md)<br/>
+[InternetCanonicalizeUrl](/windows/desktop/api/wininet/nf-wininet-internetcanonicalizeurla)

docs/atl/reference/atl-http-utility-functions.md

@@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ The number of characters required for a buffer that could hold encoded data of *
 
 This uuencoding implementation follows the POSIX P1003.2b/D11 specification.
 
-### See Also
+## See Also
 
-[Concepts](../../atl/active-template-library-atl-concepts.md)<br/>
-[ATL COM Desktop Components](../../atl/atl-com-desktop-components.md)
+[Concepts](../active-template-library-atl-concepts.md)<br/>
+[ATL COM Desktop Components](../atl-com-desktop-components.md)

docs/atl/reference/atl-text-encoding-functions.md

@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ Returns TRUE on success, FALSE on failure.
 
 ### Remarks
 
-`CreateImpersonationToken` calls [DuplicateToken](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/aa446616) to create a new impersonation token.
+`CreateImpersonationToken` calls [DuplicateToken](/windows/desktop/api/securitybaseapi/nf-securitybaseapi-duplicatetoken) to create a new impersonation token.
 
 ##  <a name="createprimarytoken"></a>  CAccessToken::CreatePrimaryToken
 
@@ -607,7 +607,7 @@ Returns TRUE on success, FALSE on failure.
 
 ### Remarks
 
-Calls the [OpenProcessToken](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/aa379295) Win32 function.
+Calls the [OpenProcessToken](/windows/desktop/api/processthreadsapi/nf-processthreadsapi-openprocesstoken) Win32 function.
 
 ##  <a name="getprofile"></a>  CAccessToken::GetProfile
 
@@ -1039,7 +1039,7 @@ Returns TRUE on success, FALSE on failure.
 
 ### Remarks
 
-When `PrivilegeCheck` returns, the `Attributes` member of each [LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES](/windows/desktop/api/winnt/ns-winnt-_luid_and_attributes) structure is set to SE_PRIVILEGE_USED_FOR_ACCESS if the corresponding privilege is enabled. This method calls the [PrivilegeCheck](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/aa379304) Win32 function.
+When `PrivilegeCheck` returns, the `Attributes` member of each [LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES](/windows/desktop/api/winnt/ns-winnt-_luid_and_attributes) structure is set to SE_PRIVILEGE_USED_FOR_ACCESS if the corresponding privilege is enabled. This method calls the [PrivilegeCheck](/windows/desktop/api/securitybaseapi/nf-securitybaseapi-privilegecheck) Win32 function.
 
 ##  <a name="revert"></a>  CAccessToken::Revert
 

docs/atl/reference/caccesstoken-class.md

@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ HRESULT Run(int nShowCmd = SW_HIDE) throw();
 ### Parameters
 
 *nShowCmd*<br/>
-Specifies how the window is to be shown. This parameter can be one of the values discussed in the [WinMain](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms633559) section. Defaults to SW_HIDE.
+Specifies how the window is to be shown. This parameter can be one of the values discussed in the [WinMain](/windows/desktop/api/winbase/nf-winbase-winmain) section. Defaults to SW_HIDE.
 
 ### Return Value
 
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ int WinMain(int nShowCmd) throw();
 ### Parameters
 
 *nShowCmd*<br/>
-Specifies how the window is to be shown. This parameter can be one of the values discussed in the [WinMain](https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms633559) section.
+Specifies how the window is to be shown. This parameter can be one of the values discussed in the [WinMain](/windows/desktop/api/winbase/nf-winbase-winmain) section.
 
 ### Return Value