Merge pull request #3958 from kylereedmsft/linter_updates

Add docs for new linter check

Author: johne2021

docs/ide/cpp-linter-overview.md

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ When you change the check severity level, it changes how the problem is shown in
 
 ## Known issues
 
-::: moniker range=">=msvc-170"
+::: moniker range="msvc-170"
 
 - The **Comparison/Bitwise Precedence** check isn't available in the initial release of Visual Studio 2022, even though you can configure it in the Options dialog.
 

docs/ide/lnt-comparison-bitwise-precedence.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+title: lnt-comparison-bitwise-precedence
+description: "Reference for Visual Studio C++ IntelliSense Linter check lnt-comparison-bitwise-precedence."
+ms.date: 09/29/2021
+f1_keywords: ["lnt-comparison-bitwise-precedence"]
+helpviewer_keywords: ["lnt-comparison-bitwise-precedence"]
+monikerRange: ">=msvc-160"
+---
+# `lnt-comparison-bitwise-precedence`
+
+The comparison operator has a higher precedence than the bitwise operator.
+
+The comparison operator will be evaluated first. The result will be implicitly cast to an integer and used as an operand in the bitwise operation. Parentheses are needed to force the expected order of operations.
+
+The `lnt-comparison-bitwise-precedence` check is controlled by the **Comparison/Bitwise Precedence** setting in the C/C++ Code Style options. For information on how to change this setting, see [Configure the linter](cpp-linter-overview.md#configure-the-linter).
+
+## Examples
+
+```cpp
+bool is_flag_set(unsigned value, unsigned flag)
+{
+	return value & flag == flag;  // Flagged: `flag == flag` is evaluated first.
+                                  // Then `value & (int)true` is evaluated which
+                                  // returns an incorrect result in most cases.
+}
+```
+
+```cpp
+bool is_flag_set(unsigned value, unsigned flag)
+{
+	return (value & flag) == flag;  // Correct
+}
+```
+
+## How to fix the issue
+
+The fix the linter suggests is to add parentheses around the bitwise operation so it will be evaluated first.
+
+## See also
+
+[IntelliSense code linter for C++ overview](cpp-linter-overview.md)

docs/ide/toc.yml

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ items:
         href: ../ide/lnt-arithmetic-overflow.md
       - name: lnt-assignment-equality
         href: ../ide/lnt-assignment-equality.md
+      - name: lnt-comparison-bitwise-precedence
+        href: ../ide/lnt-comparison-bitwise-precedence.md
       - name: lnt-integer-float-division
         href: ../ide/lnt-integer-float-division.md
       - name: lnt-logical-bitwise-mismatch