Merge pull request #5510 from MicrosoftDocs/main

3/21/2024 AM Publish

Author: PhilKang0704

docs/error-messages/compiler-errors-1/compiler-error-c2323.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+---
+title: "Compiler Error C2323"
+description: "Learn more about: Compiler Error C2323"
+ms.date: "03/20/2024"
+f1_keywords: ["C2323"]
+helpviewer_keywords: ["C2323"]
+---
+# Compiler Error C2323
+
+'identifier': non-member operator `new` or `delete` functions may not be declared `static` or in a namespace other than the global namespace.
+
+The `new` and `delete` overload operators must be non-static, defined in the global namespace or as class members.
+
+The following generates C2323:
+
+```cpp
+// C2323.cpp
+// compile with: /c
+static void* operator new(size_t);   // C2323 since static
+static void operator delete(void*);  // C2323 since static
+
+namespace NS
+{
+    void* operator new(size_t);   // C2323 since not defined in the global namespace
+    void operator delete(void*);  // C2323 since not defined in the global namespace
+}
+```
+
+## See also
+
+[`new` and `delete` operators](../../cpp/new-and-delete-operators.md)

docs/error-messages/compiler-errors-1/compiler-errors-c2300-through-c2399.md

@@ -2,9 +2,8 @@
 description: "Learn more about: Compiler errors C2300 Through C2399"
 title: "Compiler errors C2300 Through C2399"
 ms.date: "04/21/2019"
-f1_keywords: ["C2303", "C2304", "C2305", "C2306", "C2314", "C2321", "C2323", "C2328", "C2329", "C2330", "C2331", "C2335", "C2336", "C2339", "C2340", "C2342", "C2343", "C2347", "C2354", "C2358", "C2359", "C2363", "C2366", "C2367", "C2398", "C2399"]
-helpviewer_keywords: ["C2303", "C2304", "C2305", "C2306", "C2314", "C2321", "C2323", "C2328", "C2329", "C2330", "C2331", "C2335", "C2336", "C2339", "C2340", "C2342", "C2343", "C2347", "C2354", "C2358", "C2359", "C2363", "C2366", "C2367", "C2398", "C2399"]
-ms.assetid: 07ca45b5-b2f0-4049-837b-40a7a3caed88
+f1_keywords: ["C2303", "C2304", "C2305", "C2306", "C2314", "C2321", "C2328", "C2329", "C2330", "C2331", "C2335", "C2336", "C2339", "C2340", "C2342", "C2343", "C2347", "C2354", "C2358", "C2359", "C2363", "C2366", "C2367", "C2398", "C2399"]
+helpviewer_keywords: ["C2303", "C2304", "C2305", "C2306", "C2314", "C2321", "C2328", "C2329", "C2330", "C2331", "C2335", "C2336", "C2339", "C2340", "C2342", "C2343", "C2347", "C2354", "C2358", "C2359", "C2363", "C2366", "C2367", "C2398", "C2399"]
 ---
 # Compiler errors C2300 Through C2399
 
@@ -39,7 +38,7 @@ The articles in this section of the documentation explain a subset of the error
 |[Compiler error C2320](compiler-error-c2320.md)|expected ':' to follow access specifier '*specifier*'|
 |Compiler error C2321|'*identifier*' is a keyword, and cannot be used in this context|
 |[Compiler error C2322](compiler-error-c2322.md)|'*identifier*': address of dllimport '*identifier*' is not static|
-|Compiler error C2323|'*identifier*': non-member operator new or delete functions may not be declared static or in a namespace other than the global namespace|
+|[Compiler error C2323](compiler-error-c2323.md)|'*identifier*': non-member operator new or delete functions may not be declared static or in a namespace other than the global namespace|
 |[Compiler error C2324](compiler-error-c2324.md)|'*identifier*': unexpected to the right of '::~'|
 |[Compiler error C2325](compiler-error-c2325.md)|'*type1*': unexpected type to the right of '->~': expected '*type2*'|
 |[Compiler error C2326](compiler-error-c2326.md)|'*declarator*': function cannot access '*identifier*'|

docs/error-messages/toc.yml

@@ -931,6 +931,8 @@ items:
           href: compiler-errors-1/compiler-error-c2320.md
         - name: Compiler error C2322
           href: compiler-errors-1/compiler-error-c2322.md
+        - name: Compiler error C2323
+          href: compiler-errors-1/compiler-error-c2323.md
         - name: Compiler error C2324
           href: compiler-errors-1/compiler-error-c2324.md
         - name: Compiler error C2325

docs/sanitizers/error-global-buffer-overflow.md

@@ -126,9 +126,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
     case 'g': return global[one * 11];     //Boom! simple global
     case 'c': return C::array[one * 11];   //Boom! class static
     case 'f':
-        static int array[10];
-        memset(array, 0, 10);
+    {
+        static int array[10] = {};
         return array[one * 11];            //Boom! function static
+    }
     case 'l':
         // literal global ptr created by compiler
         const char *str = "0123456789";

docs/sanitizers/error-memcpy-param-overlap.md

@@ -35,10 +35,12 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv) {
 To build and test this example, run these commands in a Visual Studio 2019 version 16.9 or later [developer command prompt](../build/building-on-the-command-line.md#developer_command_prompt_shortcuts):
 
 ```cmd
-cl example1.cpp /fsanitize=address /Zi
+cl example1.cpp /fsanitize=address /Zi /Oi
 devenv /debugexe example1.exe
 ```
 
+The [/Oi flag](../build/reference/oi-generate-intrinsic-functions.md) tells the compiler to treat `memcpy` and `memmove` as intrinsic functions. This is necessary because some versions of the standard library implement `memcpy` and `memmove` in the same way. Because ASAN is a dynamic analysis tool, it only detects errors with an observable runtime effect.
+
 ### Resulting error
 
 :::image type="content" source="media/memcpy-param-overlap-example-1.png" alt-text="Screenshot of debugger displaying memcpy-param-overlap error in example 1.":::

docs/sanitizers/error-stack-buffer-overflow.md

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public:
 
 class Child : public Parent {
 public:
-    int extra_field;
+    volatile int extra_field;
 };
 
 int main(void) {
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ int main(void) {
     Child *c = (Child*)&p;
     c->extra_field = 42;  // Boom !
 
-    return 0;
+    return (c->extra_field == 42);
 }
 ```
 

docs/sanitizers/error-stack-buffer-underflow.md

@@ -31,10 +31,12 @@ int main() {
 To build and test this example, run these commands in a Visual Studio 2019 version 16.9 or later [developer command prompt](../build/building-on-the-command-line.md#developer_command_prompt_shortcuts):
 
 ```cmd
-cl example1.cpp /fsanitize=address /Zi
+cl example1.cpp /fsanitize=address /Zi /Od
 devenv /debugexe example1.exe
 ```
 
+ASAN is a form of dynamic analysis, which means it can only detect bad code that is actually executed. An optimizer will remove the assignment to `buffer[subscript]` because `buffer[subscript]` is never read from. As a result, this example requires the `/Od` flag.
+
 ### Resulting error
 
 :::image type="content" source="media/stack-buffer-underflow-example-1.png" alt-text="Screenshot of debugger displaying stack-buffer-underflow error in example 1.":::

docs/sanitizers/error-stack-use-after-return.md

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ This check can slow your application down substantially. Consider the [Clang sum
 ```cpp
 // example1.cpp
 // stack-use-after-return error
-char* x;
+volatile char* x;
 
 void foo() {
     char stack_buffer[42];
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ int main() {
     foo();
     *x = 42; // Boom!
 
-    return 0;
+    return (*x == 42);
 }
 ```
 
@@ -96,11 +96,13 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
 To build and test this example, run these commands in a Visual Studio 2019 version 16.9 or later [developer command prompt](../build/building-on-the-command-line.md#developer_command_prompt_shortcuts):
 
 ```cmd
-cl example2.cpp /fsanitize=address /fsanitize-address-use-after-return /Zi
+cl example2.cpp /fsanitize=address /fsanitize-address-use-after-return /Zi /Od
 set ASAN_OPTIONS=detect_stack_use_after_return=1
 devenv /debugexe example2.exe 1
 ```
 
+ASAN is a form of dynamic analysis, which means it can only detect bad code that is actually executed. An optimizer may determine that the value of `t[100 + Idx]` or `sink` is never used and elide the assignment. As a result, this example requires the `/Od` flag.
+
 ### Resulting error - C++ and templates
 
 :::image type="content" source="media/stack-use-after-return-example-2.png" alt-text="Screenshot of debugger displaying stack-use-after-return error in example 2.":::

docs/sanitizers/error-stack-use-after-scope.md

@@ -147,10 +147,12 @@ void main() {
 To build and test this example, run these commands in a Visual Studio 2019 version 16.9 or later [developer command prompt](../build/building-on-the-command-line.md#developer_command_prompt_shortcuts):
 
 ```cmd
-cl example4.cpp /EHsc /fsanitize=address /Zi
+cl example4.cpp /EHsc /fsanitize=address /Zi /Od
 devenv /debugexe example4.exe
 ```
 
+ASAN is a form of dynamic analysis, which means it can only detect bad code that is actually executed. An optimizer may propagate the value of `v` in these cases instead of reading from the address stored in `p`. As a result, this example requires the `/Od` flag.
+
 ### Resulting error - temporaries
 
 :::image type="content" source="media/stack-use-after-scope-example-4.png" alt-text="Screenshot of debugger displaying stack-use-after-scope error in example 4.":::