Merge pull request #5554 from MicrosoftDocs/main

4/19/2024 AM Publish

Author: Albertyang0

docs/error-messages/compiler-errors-2/compiler-error-c3859.md

@@ -4,12 +4,31 @@ title: "Compiler Error C3859"
 ms.date: 02/22/2022
 f1_keywords: ["C3859"]
 helpviewer_keywords: ["C3859"]
-ms.assetid: 40e93b25-4393-4467-90de-035434a665c7
 ---
 # Compiler Error C3859
 
-> virtual memory range for PCH exceeded; please recompile with a command line option of '-Zm*value*' or greater
+> Failed to create virtual memory for PCH
 
-The virtual memory allocated for your precompiled header is too small for the amount of data the compiler is trying to put in it. Starting in Visual Studio 2015, the **`/Zm`** recommendation is only significant when using the `#pragma hdrstop` directive. In other cases, it's a spurious error that indicates Windows virtual memory pressure issues.
+The message has one of the following notes:
+>The system returned code *error code*: *OS error message*\
+>PCH: Address is not a multiple of the system's allocation granularity\
+>PCH: The chunk has not been previously reserved\
+>PCH: Commit size too large\
+>PCH: Unable to commit memory across file map\
+>PCH: Exhausted chunk list before committing all bytes\
+>PCH: Unexpected end of chunk list while trying to free\
+>PCH: Shouldn't be hitting a file map in the decommit case\
+>PCH: Invalid chunk\
+>PCH: Map size too large\
+>PCH: Unable to map file: memory already committed\
+>PCH: File map already in place\
+>PCH: Unable to get the requested block of memory\
+>Consider using /Fp to allow the compiler to reserve the memory early
 
-If your precompiled header uses a `#pragma hdrstop` directive, use the **`/Zm`** compiler flag to specify a larger value for the precompiled header file. Otherwise, consider reducing the number of parallel compilation processes in your build. For more information, see [`/Zm` (Specify precompiled header memory allocation limit)](../../build/reference/zm-specify-precompiled-header-memory-allocation-limit.md).
+There isn't enough virtual memory allocated for your [precompiled header (PCH)](../../build/creating-precompiled-header-files.md). If your precompiled header uses an explicit `#pragma hdrstop` directive, use the **`/Zm`** compiler flag to specify a larger value for the precompiled header file. Otherwise, consider reducing the number of parallel compilation processes in your build. For more information, see [`/Zm` (Specify precompiled header memory allocation limit)](../../build/reference/zm-specify-precompiled-header-memory-allocation-limit.md).
+
+This diagnostic shows up mostly in two scenarios: 
+
+The first scenario is that the system is overloaded with multiple `/Yu` compile requests at the same time. Setting the maximum starting virtual memory size typically resolves this issue.
+
+The second scenario is when the the Windows loader injects a DLL into the process at startup. That injected DLL can allocate memory that conflicts with where the PCH must reside. For example, `msbuild.exe` injects `FileTracker.dll` into every `CL.exe` process at startup. In this scenario, using the [`/Fp` (Name .pch file)](../../build/reference/fp-name-dot-pch-file.md) flag ensures that the memory for the PCH is allocated as early as possible in the `CL.exe` process, before any injected DLLs try to occupy the address space. These failures can be intermittent because Windows Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) allocates memory at different addresses across different process invocations. Without `/Fp`, memory for the PCH can't be allocated until the compiler finds the header file `#include` specified in the `/Yu` command line option or the `#pragma hdrstop`. By this time, it's much more likely that the memory required by the PCH is already reserved.

docs/error-messages/compiler-errors-2/compiler-errors-c3500-through-c3999.md

@@ -3,11 +3,10 @@ description: "Learn more about: Compiler errors C3500 through C3999"
 title: "Compiler errors C3500 through C3999"
 ms.date: 05/25/2022
 f1_keywords: ["C3502", "C3503", "C3504", "C3511", "C3512", "C3513", "C3514", "C3515", "C3516", "C3517", "C3518", "C3520", "C3521", "C3522", "C3523", "C3524", "C3525", "C3526", "C3527", "C3528", "C3529", "C3534", "C3542", "C3543", "C3544", "C3545", "C3546", "C3547", "C3548", "C3549", "C3557", "C3558", "C3559", "C3560", "C3561", "C3562", "C3563", "C3564", "C3565", "C3566", "C3567", "C3568", "C3569", "C3570", "C3571", "C3572", "C3573", "C3574", "C3575", "C3576", "C3577", "C3578", "C3579", "C3580", "C3581", "C3582", "C3583", "C3584", "C3585", "C3586", "C3587", "C3588", "C3589", "C3590", "C3591", "C3592", "C3593", "C3594", "C3595", "C3596", "C3597", "C3598", "C3599", "C3600", "C3601", "C3602", "C3604", "C3605", "C3606", "C3613", "C3614", "C3616", "C3617", "C3620", "C3621", "C3635", "C3636", "C3639", "C3643", "C3649", "C3658", "C3659", "C3660", "C3663", "C3664", "C3667", "C3674", "C3676", "C3677", "C3678", "C3679", "C3680", "C3681", "C3682", "C3683", "C3684", "C3685", "C3686", "C3687", "C3688", "C3689", "C3690", "C3691", "C3692", "C3693", "C3694", "C3695", "C3696", "C3700", "C3716", "C3720", "C3725", "C3726", "C3729", "C3730", "C3735", "C3742", "C3746", "C3750", "C3751", "C3756", "C3757", "C3758", "C3759", "C3760", "C3770", "C3773", "C3774", "C3775", "C3776", "C3777", "C3778", "C3780", "C3781", "C3782", "C3783", "C3784", "C3785", "C3786", "C3787", "C3788", "C3789", "C3790", "C3791", "C3792", "C3793", "C3794", "C3795", "C3796", "C3801", "C3802", "C3806", "C3810", "C3811", "C3814", "C3819", "C3822", "C3823", "C3826", "C3827", "C3829", "C3837", "C3840", "C3841", "C3843", "C3844", "C3845", "C3847", "C3863", "C3870", "C3871", "C3875", "C3876", "C3877", "C3878", "C3879", "C3881", "C3882", "C3884", "C3885", "C3897", "C3905", "C3906", "C3907", "C3916", "C3921", "C3924", "C3925", "C3926", "C3927", "C3928", "C3930", "C3931", "C3932", "C3933", "C3934", "C3935", "C3936", "C3937", "C3938", "C3939", "C3940", "C3941", "C3945", "C3946", "C3947", "C3948", "C3949", "C3950", "C3951", "C3952", "C3953", "C3954", "C3955", "C3956", "C3957", "C3958", "C3959", "C3960", "C3961", "C3962", "C3963", "C3964", "C3965", "C3966", "C3967", "C3968", "C3969", "C3970", "C3971", "C3972", "C3973", "C3974", "C3975", "C3976", "C3977", "C3978", "C3979", "C3980", "C3981", "C3982", "C3983", "C3984", "C3985", "C3986", "C3987", "C3988", "C3989", "C3990", "C3991", "C3992", "C3993", "C3994", "C3995", "C3996", "C3997", "C3998", "C3999"]
-ms.assetid: bd6f23ad-b300-4e07-8e35-9661cab1585f
 ---
 # Compiler errors C3500 through C3999
 
-The articles in this section of the documentation explain a subset of the error messages that are generated by the compiler.
+The articles in this section explain a subset of the error messages generated by the compiler.
 
 [!INCLUDE[error-boilerplate](../../error-messages/includes/error-boilerplate.md)]
 
@@ -372,7 +371,7 @@ The articles in this section of the documentation explain a subset of the error
 |[Compiler error C3856](compiler-error-c3856.md)|'*class*': class is not a class template/generic|
 |[Compiler error C3857](compiler-error-c3857.md)|'*template*': multiple template/generic parameter lists are not allowed|
 |[Compiler error C3858](compiler-error-c3858.md)|'*identifier*': cannot be redeclared in current scope|
-|[Compiler error C3859](compiler-error-c3859.md)|virtual memory range for PCH exceeded; please recompile with a command line option of '`-Zm`*number*' or greater|
+|[Compiler error C3859](compiler-error-c3859.md)|Failed to create virtual memory for PCH|
 |[Compiler error C3860](compiler-error-c3860.md)|template/generic argument list following class template/generic name must list parameters in the order used in template/generic parameter list|
 |[Compiler error C3861](compiler-error-c3861.md)|'*identifier*': identifier not found|
 |[Compiler error C3862](compiler-error-c3862.md)|'*function*': cannot compile an unmanaged function with `/clr:pure` or `/clr:safe`|

docs/error-messages/compiler-warnings/compiler-warning-level-1-c4002.md

@@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
 ---
-description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 1) C4002"
-title: "Compiler Warning (level 1) C4002"
+description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 1, Error) C4002"
+title: "Compiler Warning (level 1, Error) C4002"
 ms.date: "11/04/2016"
 f1_keywords: ["C4002"]
 helpviewer_keywords: ["C4002"]
-ms.assetid: 6bda1dfe-e2e4-4771-9794-5a404c466dd5
 ---
-# Compiler Warning (level 1) C4002
+# Compiler Warning (level 1, Error) C4002
 
-too many actual parameters for macro 'identifier'
+> too many arguments for function-like macro invocation '*identifier*'
 
 The number of actual parameters in the macro exceeds the number of formal parameters in the macro definition. The preprocessor collects the extra parameters but ignores them during macro expansion.
 
-C4002 can occur when incorrectly using [Variadic Macros](../../preprocessor/variadic-macros.md).
+C4002 can occur when incorrectly using [variadic macros](../../preprocessor/variadic-macros.md).
 
 The following sample generates C4002:
 
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ int main() {
 
 This error can also be generated as a result of compiler conformance work that was done for Visual Studio .NET 2003: extra commas in macro no longer accepted.
 
-The compiler will no longer accept extra commas in a macro. For code to be valid in both the Visual Studio .NET 2003 and Visual Studio .NET versions of Visual C++, remove the extra commas.
+The compiler no longer accepts extra commas in a macro. For code to be valid in both the Visual Studio .NET 2003 and Visual Studio .NET versions of Visual C++, remove the extra commas.
 
 ```cpp
 // C4002b.cpp

docs/error-messages/compiler-warnings/compiler-warning-level-1-c4003.md

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 ---
-description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 1) C4003"
-title: "Compiler Warning (level 1) C4003"
+description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 1, Error) C4003"
+title: "Compiler Warning (level 1, Error) C4003"
 ms.date: "11/04/2016"
 f1_keywords: ["C4003"]
 helpviewer_keywords: ["C4003"]
-ms.assetid: 0ed1c285-4428-4c90-8131-86897e31f115
 ---
-# Compiler Warning (level 1) C4003
+# Compiler Warning (level 1, Error) C4003
 
-not enough actual parameters for macro 'identifier'
+> not enough arguments for function-like macro invocation '*identifier*'
 
 The number of formal parameters in the macro definition exceeds the number of actual parameters in the macro. Macro expansion substitutes empty text for the missing parameters.
 

docs/error-messages/compiler-warnings/compiler-warning-level-1-c4052.md

@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 ---
-description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 1) C4052"
-title: "Compiler Warning (level 1) C4052"
+description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 1 and level 4) C4052"
+title: "Compiler Warning (level 1 and level 4) C4052"
 ms.date: "11/04/2016"
 f1_keywords: ["C4052"]
 helpviewer_keywords: ["C4052"]
-ms.assetid: f9955421-16ab-46e5-8f9d-bf1639a519ef
 ---
-# Compiler Warning (level 1) C4052
+# Compiler Warning (level 1 and level 4) C4052
 
-function declarations different; one contains variable arguments
+> function declarations different; one contains variable arguments
 
-One declaration of the function does not contain variable arguments. It is ignored.
+One declaration of the function doesn't contain variable arguments. The empty declaration is ignored.
 
 The following sample generates C4052:
 

docs/error-messages/compiler-warnings/compiler-warning-level-1-c4091.md

@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 ---
-description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 1) C4091"
-title: "Compiler Warning (level 1) C4091"
+description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 1 and level 2) C4091"
+title: "Compiler Warning (level 1 and level 2) C4091"
 ms.date: "11/04/2016"
 f1_keywords: ["C4091"]
 helpviewer_keywords: ["C4091"]
-ms.assetid: 3a404967-ab42-49b0-b324-fd7ba1859d78
 ---
-# Compiler Warning (level 1) C4091
+# Compiler Warning (level 1 and level 2) C4091
 
-'keyword' : ignored on left of 'type' when no variable is declared
+> '*keyword*': ignored on left of '*type*' when no variable is declared
 
-The compiler detected a situation where the user probably intended a variable to be declared, but the compiler was not able to declare the variable.
+The compiler detected a situation where the user probably intended a variable to be declared, but the compiler wasn't able to declare the variable.
 
 ## Examples
 
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ __declspec(dllimport) class X2 {} varX;
 class __declspec(dllimport) X3 {};
 ```
 
-If an identifier is a typedef, it cannot also be a variable name. The following sample generates C4091.
+If an identifier is a typedef, it can't also be a variable name. The following sample generates C4091.
 
 ```cpp
 // C4091_b.cpp

docs/error-messages/compiler-warnings/compiler-warning-level-1-c4141.md

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 ---
-description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 1) C4141"
-title: "Compiler Warning (level 1) C4141"
+description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 1, Error) C4141"
+title: "Compiler Warning (level 1, Error) C4141"
 ms.date: "11/04/2016"
 f1_keywords: ["C4141"]
 helpviewer_keywords: ["C4141"]
-ms.assetid: 6ce8c058-7f4c-41cf-93e7-90a466744656
 ---
-# Compiler Warning (level 1) C4141
+# Compiler Warning (level 1, Error) C4141
 
-'modifier' : used more than once
+> '*modifier*': used more than once
 
 ## Example
 

docs/error-messages/compiler-warnings/compiler-warning-level-2-c4007.md

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 ---
-description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 2) C4007"
-title: "Compiler Warning (level 2) C4007"
+description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 3) C4007"
+title: "Compiler Warning (level 3) C4007"
 ms.date: "11/04/2016"
 f1_keywords: ["C4007"]
 helpviewer_keywords: ["C4007"]
-ms.assetid: 56a70c07-59a5-4fd7-80ed-63592c65cbb7
 ---
-# Compiler Warning (level 2) C4007
+# Compiler Warning (level 3) C4007
 
-'function' : must be 'attribute'
+> '*function*': must be '*attribute*'
 
-A required attribute for a function is not explicitly stated. For example, the function **main** must have the **`__cdecl`** attribute. The compiler forces the attribute.
+A required attribute for a function isn't explicitly stated. For example, the function `main` must have the `__cdecl` attribute. The compiler forces the attribute.

docs/error-messages/compiler-warnings/compiler-warning-level-3-c4101.md

@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 ---
-description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 3) C4101"
-title: "Compiler Warning (level 3) C4101"
+description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 3 and level 4) C4101"
+title: "Compiler Warning (level 3 and level 4) C4101"
 ms.date: "11/04/2016"
 f1_keywords: ["C4101"]
 helpviewer_keywords: ["C4101"]
-ms.assetid: d98563cd-9dce-4aae-8f12-bd552a4ea677
 ---
-# Compiler Warning (level 3) C4101
+# Compiler Warning (level 3 and level 4) C4101
 
-'identifier' : unreferenced local variable
+> '*identifier*': unreferenced local variable
 
-The local variable is never used. This warning will occur in the obvious situation:
+The local variable is never used. This warning occurs in the obvious situation:
 
 ```cpp
 // C4101a.cpp
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@ int i;   // C4101
 }
 ```
 
-However, this warning will also occur when calling a **`static`** member function through an instance of the class:
+However, this warning also occurs when calling a **`static`** member function through an instance of the class:
 
 ```cpp
 // C4101b.cpp
@@ -39,7 +38,7 @@ int main() {
 }
 ```
 
-In this situation, the compiler uses information about `si` to access the **`static`** function, but the instance of the class is not needed to call the **`static`** function; hence the warning. To resolve this warning, you could:
+In this situation, the compiler uses information about `si` to access the **`static`** function, but the instance of the class isn't needed to call the **`static`** function; hence the warning. To resolve this warning, you could:
 
 - Add a constructor, in which the compiler would use the instance of `si` in the call to `func`.
 

docs/error-messages/compiler-warnings/compiler-warning-level-3-c4133.md

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 ---
-description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 3) C4133"
-title: "Compiler Warning (level 3) C4133"
+description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 1 and level 3) C4133"
+title: "Compiler Warning (level 1 and level 3) C4133"
 ms.date: "11/04/2016"
 f1_keywords: ["C4133"]
 helpviewer_keywords: ["C4133"]
-ms.assetid: bdef87b0-21b3-41ac-9b23-1fa86101a9ac
 ---
-# Compiler Warning (level 3) C4133
+# Compiler Warning (level 1 and level 3) C4133
 
-'type' : incompatible types - from 'type1' to 'type2'
+> '*expression*': incompatible types - from '*type1*' to '*type2*'
 
-This warning can be caused by trying to subtract two pointers of different types.
+This warning is emitted when incompatible types are used in an expression. For example, doing arithmetic operations such as subtraction with different pointer types.
 
 To avoid this warning, provide an appropriate type cast.

docs/error-messages/compiler-warnings/compiler-warning-level-3-c4191.md

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 ---
-description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 3) C4191"
-title: "Compiler Warning (level 3) C4191"
+description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 3, off) C4191"
+title: "Compiler Warning (level 3, off) C4191"
 ms.date: "11/04/2016"
 f1_keywords: ["C4191"]
 helpviewer_keywords: ["C4191"]
-ms.assetid: 576d3bc6-95b7-448a-af31-5d798452df09
 ---
-# Compiler Warning (level 3) C4191
+# Compiler Warning (level 3, off) C4191
 
-'operator/operation' : unsafe conversion from 'type of expression' to 'type required'
+> '*operation*': unsafe conversion from '*type_of_expression*' to '*type_required*'<br/>Making a function call using the resulting pointer may cause your program to fail
 
 Several operations involving function pointers are considered unsafe:
 
@@ -18,15 +17,15 @@ Several operations involving function pointers are considered unsafe:
 
 - Argument or return types with different sizes, type categories, or classifications.
 
-- Differing argument list lengths (on **`__cdecl`**, only on cast from longer list to shorter list, even if shorter is varargs).
+- Different argument list lengths (on **`__cdecl`**, only on cast from longer list to shorter list, even if shorter is varargs).
 
-- Pointer to data (other than **`void`**<strong>\*</strong>) aliased against a pointer to function.
+- Pointer to data (other than **`void*`**) aliased against a pointer to function.
 
 - Any other type difference that would yield an error or warning on a **`reinterpret_cast`**.
 
 Calling this function through the result pointer might cause your program to crash.
 
-This warning is off by default. See [Compiler Warnings That Are Off by Default](../../preprocessor/compiler-warnings-that-are-off-by-default.md) for more information.
+This warning is off by default. For more information, see [Compiler Warnings That Are Off by Default](../../preprocessor/compiler-warnings-that-are-off-by-default.md).
 
 The following sample generates C4191:
 

docs/error-messages/compiler-warnings/compiler-warning-level-4-c4001.md

@@ -1,20 +1,19 @@
 ---
-description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 4) C4001"
-title: "Compiler Warning (level 4) C4001"
+description: "Learn more about: Compiler Warning (level 4, no longer emitted) C4001"
+title: "Compiler Warning (level 4, no longer emitted) C4001"
 ms.date: "11/04/2016"
 f1_keywords: ["C4001"]
 helpviewer_keywords: ["C4001"]
-ms.assetid: 414a47fe-d597-425e-9374-6a569231dc0a
 ---
-# Compiler Warning (level 4) C4001
+# Compiler Warning (level 4, no longer emitted) C4001
 
-nonstandard extension 'single line comment' was used
+> nonstandard extension 'single line comment' was used
 
 > [!NOTE]
 > This warning is removed in Visual Studio 2017 version 15.5 because single-line comments are standard in C99.
 
 Single-line comments are standard in C++ and standard in C starting with C99.
-Under strict ANSI compatibility ([/Za](../../build/reference/za-ze-disable-language-extensions.md)), C files that contain single-line comments, generate C4001 due to the usage of a nonstandard extension. Since single-line comments are standard in C++, C files containing single-line comments do not produce C4001 when compiling with Microsoft extensions (/Ze).
+Under strict ANSI compatibility ([/Za](../../build/reference/za-ze-disable-language-extensions.md)), C files that contain single-line comments, generate C4001 due to the usage of a nonstandard extension. Since single-line comments are standard in C++, C files containing single-line comments don't produce C4001 when compiling with Microsoft extensions (/Ze).
 
 ## Example