fork: Only cache the VMAP stack in finish_task_switch()

The task stack could be deallocated later, but for fork()/exec() kind of
workloads (say a shell script executing several commands) it is important
that the stack is released in finish_task_switch() so that in VMAP_STACK
case it can be cached and reused in the new task.

For PREEMPT_RT it would be good if the wake-up in vfree_atomic() could
be avoided in the scheduling path. Far worse are the other
free_thread_stack() implementations which invoke __free_pages()/
kmem_cache_free() with disabled preemption.

Cache the stack in free_thread_stack() in the VMAP_STACK case and
RCU-delay the free path otherwise. Free the stack in the RCU callback.
In the VMAP_STACK case this is another opportunity to fill the cache.

Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Andy Lutomirski <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]

Author: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior

kernel/fork.c

@@ -193,6 +193,41 @@ static inline void free_task_struct(struct task_struct *tsk)
 #define NR_CACHED_STACKS 2
 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct vm_struct *, cached_stacks[NR_CACHED_STACKS]);
 
+struct vm_stack {
+	struct rcu_head rcu;
+	struct vm_struct *stack_vm_area;
+};
+
+static bool try_release_thread_stack_to_cache(struct vm_struct *vm)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < NR_CACHED_STACKS; i++) {
+		if (this_cpu_cmpxchg(cached_stacks[i], NULL, vm) != NULL)
+			continue;
+		return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+static void thread_stack_free_rcu(struct rcu_head *rh)
+{
+	struct vm_stack *vm_stack = container_of(rh, struct vm_stack, rcu);
+
+	if (try_release_thread_stack_to_cache(vm_stack->stack_vm_area))
+		return;
+
+	vfree(vm_stack);
+}
+
+static void thread_stack_delayed_free(struct task_struct *tsk)
+{
+	struct vm_stack *vm_stack = tsk->stack;
+
+	vm_stack->stack_vm_area = tsk->stack_vm_area;
+	call_rcu(&vm_stack->rcu, thread_stack_free_rcu);
+}
+
 static int free_vm_stack_cache(unsigned int cpu)
 {
 	struct vm_struct **cached_vm_stacks = per_cpu_ptr(cached_stacks, cpu);
@@ -296,24 +331,27 @@ static int alloc_thread_stack_node(struct task_struct *tsk, int node)
 
 static void free_thread_stack(struct task_struct *tsk)
 {
-	int i;
+	if (!try_release_thread_stack_to_cache(tsk->stack_vm_area))
+		thread_stack_delayed_free(tsk);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < NR_CACHED_STACKS; i++) {
-		if (this_cpu_cmpxchg(cached_stacks[i], NULL,
-				     tsk->stack_vm_area) != NULL)
-			continue;
-
-		tsk->stack = NULL;
-		tsk->stack_vm_area = NULL;
-		return;
-	}
-	vfree_atomic(tsk->stack);
 	tsk->stack = NULL;
 	tsk->stack_vm_area = NULL;
 }
 
 #  else /* !CONFIG_VMAP_STACK */
 
+static void thread_stack_free_rcu(struct rcu_head *rh)
+{
+	__free_pages(virt_to_page(rh), THREAD_SIZE_ORDER);
+}
+
+static void thread_stack_delayed_free(struct task_struct *tsk)
+{
+	struct rcu_head *rh = tsk->stack;
+
+	call_rcu(rh, thread_stack_free_rcu);
+}
+
 static int alloc_thread_stack_node(struct task_struct *tsk, int node)
 {
 	struct page *page = alloc_pages_node(node, THREADINFO_GFP,
@@ -328,7 +366,7 @@ static int alloc_thread_stack_node(struct task_struct *tsk, int node)
 
 static void free_thread_stack(struct task_struct *tsk)
 {
-	__free_pages(virt_to_page(tsk->stack), THREAD_SIZE_ORDER);
+	thread_stack_delayed_free(tsk);
 	tsk->stack = NULL;
 }
 
@@ -337,6 +375,18 @@ static void free_thread_stack(struct task_struct *tsk)
 
 static struct kmem_cache *thread_stack_cache;
 
+static void thread_stack_free_rcu(struct rcu_head *rh)
+{
+	kmem_cache_free(thread_stack_cache, rh);
+}
+
+static void thread_stack_delayed_free(struct task_struct *tsk)
+{
+	struct rcu_head *rh = tsk->stack;
+
+	call_rcu(rh, thread_stack_free_rcu);
+}
+
 static int alloc_thread_stack_node(struct task_struct *tsk, int node)
 {
 	unsigned long *stack;
@@ -348,7 +398,7 @@ static int alloc_thread_stack_node(struct task_struct *tsk, int node)
 
 static void free_thread_stack(struct task_struct *tsk)
 {
-	kmem_cache_free(thread_stack_cache, tsk->stack);
+	thread_stack_delayed_free(tsk);
 	tsk->stack = NULL;
 }