Implement keyword suggestion routine

`suggestions.rs` is almost porting of implementation of
[this](python/cpython#16856) and
[this](python/cpython#25397).

Signed-off-by: snowapril <[email protected]>

Author: Snowapril

vm/src/builtins/code.rs

@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ impl PyRef<PyCode> {
     }
 
     #[pyproperty]
-    fn co_varnames(self, vm: &VirtualMachine) -> PyObjectRef {
+    pub fn co_varnames(self, vm: &VirtualMachine) -> PyObjectRef {
         let varnames = self
             .code
             .varnames

vm/src/lib.rs

@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ mod signal;
 pub mod sliceable;
 pub mod slots;
 pub mod stdlib;
+pub mod suggestions;
 pub mod types;
 pub mod utils;
 pub mod version;

vm/src/suggestions.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+use crate::common::lock::PyRwLock;
+use crate::sliceable::PySliceableSequence;
+use crate::{
+    builtins::{PyBaseObject, PyList, PyListRef, PyStrRef},
+    exceptions::types::PyBaseExceptionRef,
+    IdProtocol, PyObjectRef, PyValue, TryFromObject, TypeProtocol, VirtualMachine,
+};
+
+const MAX_CANDIDATE_ITEMS: usize = 750;
+const MAX_STRING_SIZE: usize = 40;
+
+const MOVE_COST: usize = 2;
+const CASE_COST: usize = 1;
+
+fn substitution_cost(mut a: u8, mut b: u8) -> usize {
+    if (a & 31) != (b & 31) {
+        return MOVE_COST;
+    }
+    if a == b {
+        return 0usize;
+    }
+    if b'A' <= a && a <= b'Z' {
+        a += b'a' - b'A';
+    }
+    if b'A' <= b && b <= b'Z' {
+        b += b'a' - b'A';
+    }
+    if a == b {
+        return CASE_COST;
+    }
+    MOVE_COST
+}
+
+fn global_levelshtein_buffer() -> &'static PyRwLock<[usize; MAX_STRING_SIZE]> {
+    rustpython_common::static_cell! {
+        static BUFFER: PyRwLock<[usize; MAX_STRING_SIZE]>;
+    };
+    BUFFER.get_or_init(|| PyRwLock::new([0usize; MAX_STRING_SIZE]))
+}
+
+fn levelshtein_distance(a: &str, b: &str, max_cost: usize) -> usize {
+    if a == b {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    let (mut a_bytes, mut b_bytes) = (a.as_bytes(), b.as_bytes());
+    let (mut a_begin, mut a_end) = (0usize, a.len());
+    let (mut b_begin, mut b_end) = (0usize, b.len());
+
+    while a_end > 0 && b_end > 0 && a_bytes[a_begin] == b_bytes[b_begin] {
+        a_begin += 1;
+        b_begin += 1;
+        a_end -= 1;
+        b_end -= 1;
+    }
+    while a_end > 0 && b_end > 0 && a_bytes[a_end - 1] == b_bytes[b_end - 1] {
+        a_end -= 1;
+        b_end -= 1;
+    }
+    if a_end == 0 || b_end == 0 {
+        return (a_end + b_end) * MOVE_COST;
+    }
+    if a_end > MAX_STRING_SIZE || b_end > MAX_STRING_SIZE {
+        return max_cost + 1;
+    }
+
+    if b_end < a_end {
+        std::mem::swap(&mut a_bytes, &mut b_bytes);
+        std::mem::swap(&mut a_begin, &mut b_begin);
+        std::mem::swap(&mut a_end, &mut b_end);
+    }
+
+    if (b_end - a_end) * MOVE_COST > max_cost {
+        return max_cost + 1;
+    }
+
+    for i in 0..a_end {
+        global_levelshtein_buffer().write()[i] = (i + 1) * MOVE_COST;
+    }
+
+    let mut result = 0usize;
+    for b_index in 0..b_end {
+        let code = b_bytes[b_index];
+        result = b_index * MOVE_COST;
+        let mut distance = result;
+        let mut minimum = usize::MAX;
+        for index in 0..a_end {
+            let substitute = distance + substitution_cost(code, a_bytes[index]);
+            distance = global_levelshtein_buffer().read()[index];
+            let insert_delete = usize::min(result, distance) + MOVE_COST;
+            result = usize::min(insert_delete, substitute);
+
+            global_levelshtein_buffer().write()[index] = result;
+            if result > minimum {
+                minimum = result;
+            }
+        }
+        if minimum > max_cost {
+            return max_cost + 1;
+        }
+    }
+    result
+}
+
+fn calculate_suggestions(
+    dir: PyListRef,
+    name: &PyObjectRef,
+    vm: &VirtualMachine,
+) -> Option<PyObjectRef> {
+    let dir = dir.borrow_vec();
+    if dir.len() >= MAX_CANDIDATE_ITEMS {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    let mut suggestion: Option<PyObjectRef> = None;
+    let mut suggestion_distance = usize::MAX;
+    let name = if let Ok(name) = PyStrRef::try_from_object(vm, name.clone()) {
+        name
+    } else {
+        return None;
+    };
+    for item in dir.into_iter() {
+        let item_str = if let Ok(item_str) = PyStrRef::try_from_object(vm, item.clone()) {
+            item_str
+        } else {
+            return None;
+        };
+        if name.to_string() == item_str.to_string() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let max_distance = usize::min(
+            (name.len() + item_str.len() + 3) * MOVE_COST / 6,
+            suggestion_distance,
+        );
+        let current_distance = levelshtein_distance(name.as_str(), item_str.as_str(), max_distance);
+        if current_distance > max_distance {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if suggestion.is_none() || current_distance < suggestion_distance {
+            suggestion = Some(item.clone());
+            suggestion_distance = current_distance;
+        }
+    }
+    suggestion
+}
+
+pub fn offer_suggestions(exc: &PyBaseExceptionRef, vm: &VirtualMachine) -> Option<PyObjectRef> {
+    if exc.class().is(&vm.ctx.exceptions.attribute_error) {
+        let name = exc.class().get_attr("name").unwrap();
+        let obj = exc.class().get_attr("obj").unwrap();
+
+        calculate_suggestions(PyBaseObject::dir(obj, vm).unwrap().into_ref(vm), &name, vm)
+    } else if exc.class().is(&vm.ctx.exceptions.name_error) {
+        let name = exc.class().get_attr("name").unwrap();
+        let mut tb = exc.traceback().unwrap();
+
+        while let Some(traceback) = tb.next.clone() {
+            tb = traceback;
+        }
+
+        let frame = tb.frame.clone();
+        let code = frame.code.clone();
+
+        let dir = PyListRef::try_from_object(vm, code.co_varnames(vm)).unwrap();
+        if let Some(suggestions) = calculate_suggestions(dir, &name, vm) {
+            return Some(suggestions);
+        };
+
+        let dir =
+            PyList::from(vm.extract_elements(frame.globals.as_object()).unwrap()).into_ref(vm);
+        if let Some(suggestions) = calculate_suggestions(dir, &name, vm) {
+            return Some(suggestions);
+        };
+
+        let dir =
+            PyList::from(vm.extract_elements(frame.builtins.as_object()).unwrap()).into_ref(vm);
+        calculate_suggestions(dir, &name, vm)
+    } else {
+        None
+    }
+}