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kong: bring content up to date
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‎kong/content.md

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# What is Kong?
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Kong is a scalable, open source API Platform (also known as an API Gateway or API Middleware). Kong was originally built by [Kong Inc.](https://konghq.com) (formerly known as Mashape) to secure, manage, and extend over 15,000 Microservices for its API Marketplace, which generates billions of requests per month.
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Kong Gateway is the world’s most adopted API gateway. Lightweight, fast, and flexible, this open source gateway is built for hybrid and multi-cloud and optimized for microservices and distributed architectures.
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Under active development, Kong is now used in production at hundreds of organizations from startups, to large enterprises and governments including: The New York Times, Expedia, Healthcare.gov, The Guardian, Condè Nast, The University of Auckland, Ferrari, Rakuten, Cisco, SkyScanner, Yahoo! Japan, Giphy and so on.
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Built on this open source DNA, Kong’s unified cloud API platform helps organizations ranging from startups to Fortune 500 enterprises unleash developer productivity, build securely, and accelerate time to market.
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Kong's official documentation can be found at [docs.konghq.com](https://docs.konghq.com/).
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# How to use this image without a Database
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# How to use this image
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Kong 1.1 added the capability to run Kong without a database, using only in-memory storage for entities: we call this DB-less mode. When running Kong DB-less, the configuration of entities is done in a second configuration file, in YAML or JSON, using declarative configuration.
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```shell
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$ docker run -d --name kong \
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-e "KONG_DATABASE=off" \
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-e "KONG_PROXY_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout" \
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-e "KONG_ADMIN_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout" \
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-e "KONG_PROXY_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr" \
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-e "KONG_ADMIN_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr" \
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-e "KONG_ADMIN_LISTEN=0.0.0.0:8001, 0.0.0.0:8444 ssl" \
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-p 8000:8000 \
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-p 8443:8443 \
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-p 8001:8001 \
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-p 8444:8444 \
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%%IMAGE%%
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```
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Generate a skeleton configuration file to get you started
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```shell
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$ docker exec -it kong kong config init /home/kong/kong.yml
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$ docker exec -it kong cat /home/kong/kong.yml >> kong.yml
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```
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Load a declarative configuration into a running Kong node via its Admin API using HTTPie
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```shell
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$ http :8001/config [email protected]
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```
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**Note**: Not all Kong plugins are compatible with DB-less mode, since some of them by design require a central database coordination and/or dynamic creation of entities, see the doc for details at [DB-less and Declarative Configuration](https://docs.konghq.com/latest/db-less-and-declarative-config/)
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# How to use this image with a Database
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You can either use the official Cassandra/PostgreSQL containers, or use your own.
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## 1. Link Kong to either a Cassandra or PostgreSQL container
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It's up to you to decide which datastore between Cassandra or PostgreSQL you want to use, since Kong supports both.
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### Cassandra
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Start a Cassandra container by executing:
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```shell
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$ docker run -d --name kong-database \
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-p 9042:9042 \
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cassandra:3
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```
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### Postgres
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Start a PostgreSQL container by executing:
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```shell
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$ docker run -d --name kong-database \
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-p 5432:5432 \
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-e "POSTGRES_USER=kong" \
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-e "POSTGRES_DB=kong" \
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-e "POSTGRES_PASSWORD=kong" \
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postgres:9.6
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```
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## 2. Prepare your database
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Run the database migrations with an ephemeral Kong container:
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```shell
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$ docker run --rm \
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--link kong-database:kong-database \
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-e "KONG_DATABASE=postgres" \
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-e "KONG_PG_HOST=kong-database" \
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-e "KONG_PG_USER=kong" \
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-e "KONG_PG_PASSWORD=kong" \
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-e "KONG_CASSANDRA_CONTACT_POINTS=kong-database" \
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%%IMAGE%% kong migrations bootstrap
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```
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In the above example, both Cassandra and PostgreSQL are configured, but you should update the `KONG_DATABASE` environment variable with either `cassandra` or `postgres`.
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**Note for Kong < 0.15**: with Kong versions below 0.15 (up to 0.14), use the `up` sub-command instead of `bootstrap`. Also note that with Kong < 0.15, migrations should never be run concurrently; only one Kong node should be performing migrations at a time. This limitation is lifted for Kong 0.15, 1.0, and above.
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### Start Kong
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Once the database has been started and prepared, we can start a Kong container and link it to the database container, and configuring the `KONG_DATABASE` environment variable with either `cassandra` or `postgres` depending on which database you decided to use:
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```shell
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$ docker run -d --name kong \
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--link kong-database:kong-database \
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-e "KONG_DATABASE=postgres" \
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-e "KONG_PG_HOST=kong-database" \
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-e "KONG_PG_PASSWORD=kong" \
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-e "KONG_CASSANDRA_CONTACT_POINTS=kong-database" \
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-e "KONG_PROXY_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout" \
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-e "KONG_ADMIN_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout" \
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-e "KONG_PROXY_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr" \
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-e "KONG_ADMIN_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr" \
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-e "KONG_ADMIN_LISTEN=0.0.0.0:8001, 0.0.0.0:8444 ssl" \
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-p 8000:8000 \
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-p 8443:8443 \
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-p 8001:8001 \
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-p 8444:8444 \
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%%IMAGE%%
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```
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If everything went well, and if you created your container with the default ports, Kong should be listening on your host's `8000` ([Proxy](https://docs.konghq.com/latest/configuration/#proxy_port)), `8443` ([Proxy SSL](https://docs.konghq.com/latest/configuration/#proxy_listen_ssl)), `8001` ([Admin API](https://docs.konghq.com/latest/configuration/#admin_listen)) and `8444` ([Admin API SSL](https://docs.konghq.com/latest/configuration/#admin_listen_ssl)) ports.
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You can read the docs at [docs.konghq.com](https://docs.konghq.com/) to learn more about Kong.
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## 3. Use Kong with a custom configuration (and a custom Cassandra/PostgreSQL cluster)
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You can override any property of the [Kong configuration file](https://docs.konghq.com/latest/configuration/) with environment variables. Just prepend any Kong configuration property with the `KONG_` prefix, for example:
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```shell
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$ docker run -d --name kong \
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-e "KONG_DATABASE=postgres" \
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-e "KONG_PG_HOST=kong-database" \
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-e "KONG_LOG_LEVEL=info" \
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-e "KONG_CUSTOM_PLUGINS=helloworld" \
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-e "KONG_PG_HOST=1.1.1.1" \
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-e "KONG_ADMIN_LISTEN=0.0.0.0:8001, 0.0.0.0:8444 ssl" \
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-p 8000:8000 \
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-p 8443:8443 \
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-p 8001:8001 \
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-p 8444:8444 \
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%%IMAGE%%
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```
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## Reload Kong in a running container
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If you change your custom configuration, reload Kong (without downtime) by running:
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```shell
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$ docker exec -it kong kong reload
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```
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This will run the [`kong reload`](https://docs.konghq.com/latest/cli/#reload) command in your container.
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# Running Kong in read-only mode
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Starting with version `3.2.0` of Kong it is possible to run the container in read-only mode. To do so, mount a Docker volume to the locations where Kong needs to write data. The default configuration requires write access to `/tmp` and to the prefix path, as provided by the following example:
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```shell
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$ docker run --read-only -d --name kong \
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-v "$(pwd)/declarative:/kong/declarative/" \
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-v "$(pwd)/tmp_volume:/tmp" \
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-v "$(pwd)/prefix_volume:/var/run/kong" \
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-e "KONG_PREFIX=/var/run/kong" \
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-e "KONG_DATABASE=off" \
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-e "KONG_PROXY_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout" \
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-e "KONG_ADMIN_ACCESS_LOG=/dev/stdout" \
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-e "KONG_PROXY_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr" \
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-e "KONG_ADMIN_ERROR_LOG=/dev/stderr" \
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-e "KONG_ADMIN_LISTEN=0.0.0.0:8001, 0.0.0.0:8444 ssl" \
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-p 8000:8000 \
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-p 8443:8443 \
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-p 8001:8001 \
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-p 8444:8444 \
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%%IMAGE%%
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```
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# Kubernetes Ingress
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Among the many deployment options [available](https://konghq.com/install), Kong also offers a [Kubernetes Ingress Controller](https://github.com/Kong/kubernetes-ingress-controller) ready to use in your K8s environment.
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Please refer to the [installation section](https://docs.konghq.com/gateway/latest/install/docker/#main) on our documentation website to learn how to use this image.

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