[libc++] Add assumption for align of begin and end pointers of vector.

Missing information about begin and end pointers of std::vector can lead
to missed optimizations in LLVM.

See llvm#101372 for a discussion
of missed range check optimizations in hardened mode.

Once llvm#108958 lands, the created
`llvm.assume` calls for the alignment should be folded into the `load`
instructions, resulting in no extra instructions after InstCombine.

Author: fhahn

libcxx/include/__vector/vector.h

@@ -341,13 +341,17 @@ class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS vector {
   //
   // Iterators
   //
-  _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_SINCE_CXX20 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI iterator begin() _NOEXCEPT { return __make_iter(this->__begin_); }
+  _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_SINCE_CXX20 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI iterator begin() _NOEXCEPT {
+    return __make_iter(__add_alignment_assumption(this->__begin_));
+  }
   _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_SINCE_CXX20 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI const_iterator begin() const _NOEXCEPT {
-    return __make_iter(this->__begin_);
+    return __make_iter(__add_alignment_assumption(this->__begin_));
+  }
+  _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_SINCE_CXX20 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI iterator end() _NOEXCEPT {
+    return __make_iter(__add_alignment_assumption(this->__end_));
   }
-  _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_SINCE_CXX20 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI iterator end() _NOEXCEPT { return __make_iter(this->__end_); }
   _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_SINCE_CXX20 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI const_iterator end() const _NOEXCEPT {
-    return __make_iter(this->__end_);
+    return __make_iter(__add_alignment_assumption(this->__end_));
   }
 
   _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_SINCE_CXX20 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI reverse_iterator rbegin() _NOEXCEPT {
@@ -775,6 +779,10 @@ class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS vector {
   }
 
   _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_SINCE_CXX20 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void __move_assign_alloc(vector&, false_type) _NOEXCEPT {}
+
+  _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_SINCE_CXX20 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI pointer __add_alignment_assumption(pointer __p) const _NOEXCEPT {
+    return static_cast<pointer>(__builtin_assume_aligned(__p, alignof(decltype(*__p))));
+  }
 };
 
 #if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 17