[CMake][MSVC] Wrap more Linker flags for ICX (#16284)

This is a continuation of #15756 unfortunately I missed some flags in
that patch because icx does not warn about options starting with `/O` or
`/D` (they are understood as optimization and macro defining flags).

I documented the approach of finding these unwrapped flags as a GH gist
here: https://gist.github.com/Maetveis/00567488f0d6ff74095d91ed306fafc5

Author: Maetveis

sycl/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ if(MSVC)
   # Add PDB debug information
   list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${LLVM_CMAKE_DIR}")
   include(CheckLinkerFlag)
-  check_linker_flag(CXX "/DEBUG" LINKER_SUPPORTS_DEBUG)
+  check_linker_flag(CXX "LINKER:/DEBUG" LINKER_SUPPORTS_DEBUG)
   if(LINKER_SUPPORTS_DEBUG)
     # sccache is not compatible with /Zi flag
     if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER STREQUAL "sccache")
@@ -72,12 +72,12 @@ if(MSVC)
     else()
       set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} /Zi")
     endif()
-    add_link_options("/DEBUG")
+    add_link_options("LINKER:/DEBUG")
 
     # Enable unreferenced removal and ICF in Release mode.
-    check_linker_flag(CXX "/OPT:REF /OPT:ICF" LINKER_SUPPORTS_OPTS)
+    check_linker_flag(CXX "LINKER:/OPT:REF LINKER:/OPT:ICF" LINKER_SUPPORTS_OPTS)
     if (LINKER_SUPPORTS_OPTS AND uppercase_CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "RELEASE")
-      add_link_options("/OPT:REF" "/OPT:ICF")
+      add_link_options("LINKER:/OPT:REF" "LINKER:/OPT:ICF")
     endif()
   endif()
 endif()