[ELF][LTO] Add baseline test for invalid relocations against runtime calls

This can happen when using a LTO build of compiler-rt for ARM and the
program uses 64-bit division.
The 64-bit division function in compiler-rt (__aeabi_ldivmod) is written
in assembly and calls the C function __divmoddi4, which works fine in
non-LTO links. However, when building with LTO the call inside
__aeabi_ldivmod is replaced with a jump to address zero, which then
crashes the program.

Building with -pie generates an error instead of a jump to address zero,
and surprisingly just declaring the __aeabi_ldivmod function (but not
calling it) in the input IR also avoids this issue.

Reported as llvm#127284

Co-authored-by: Fangrui Song <[email protected]>

Reviewed By: MaskRay

Pull Request: llvm#127286

Author: arichardson

lld/test/ELF/lto/arm-rtlibcall.ll

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+; REQUIRES: arm
+;; Test for LTO optimizing out references to symbols that are pulled in by
+;; compiler-generated libcalls (post LTO).
+;; Lazy files extracted post LTO compilation might reference other lazy files.
+;; Referenced relocatable files are extracted and everything works as intended.
+;; However, if the referenced lazy file is a bitcode file, no further LTO
+;; compilation occurs. lld currently treats any symbols from that bitcode file
+;; as absolute, which leads to a "refer to absolute symbol" error in PIC links
+;; and leads to silently broken output. For example, lazy aeabi_ldivmod.o post
+;; LTO extraction might call __divmoddi4 defined in an unextracted lazy bitcode
+;; file (https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/127284).
+; RUN: rm -rf %t && split-file %s %t && cd %t
+; RUN: llvm-as divmoddi4.ll -o divmoddi4.bc
+; RUN: llvm-mc -filetype=obj -triple=armv7-none-unknown-eabi aeabi_ldivmod.s -o aeabi_ldivmod.o
+;; With an explicit __aebi_ldivmod call in the input IR this works as expected:
+; RUN: llvm-as main-explicit.ll -o main-explicit-ldivmod.bc
+; RUN: ld.lld main-explicit-ldivmod.bc --start-lib aeabi_ldivmod.o divmoddi4.bc --end-lib -o out.explicit
+; RUN: llvm-objdump -d -r -t out.explicit | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=GOOD-DUMP
+; GOOD-DUMP-LABEL: SYMBOL TABLE:
+; GOOD-DUMP: [[#]] g     F .text	00000024 __aeabi_ldivmod
+; GOOD-DUMP: [[#]] g     F .text	[[#]] __divmoddi4
+; GOOD-DUMP-LABEL: <__aeabi_ldivmod>:
+; GOOD-DUMP:       bl	0x20140 <__divmoddi4>   @ imm = #0x28
+
+;; But if the call is generated by ISel, we end up with an invalid reference:
+; RUN: llvm-as main-implicit.ll -o main-implicit-ldivmod.bc
+; RUN: ld.lld main-implicit-ldivmod.bc --start-lib aeabi_ldivmod.o divmoddi4.bc --end-lib -o out.implicit
+; RUN: llvm-objdump -d -r -t out.implicit | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=BAD-DUMP
+;; We jump to address zero here and __divmoddi4 ends up being an absolute symbol:
+; BAD-DUMP-LABEL: SYMBOL TABLE:
+; BAD-DUMP: [[#]] g     F .text	00000024 __aeabi_ldivmod
+; BAD-DUMP: [[#]] g       *ABS*	00000000 __divmoddi4
+; BAD-DUMP-LABEL: <__aeabi_ldivmod>:
+; BAD-DUMP:       bl	0x0 <__divmoddi4>
+;; Linking with -pie complains about the invalid relocation (and even points back to the source files)
+; RUN: not ld.lld main-implicit-ldivmod.bc --start-lib aeabi_ldivmod.o divmoddi4.bc --end-lib -o out.pie --no-undefined -pie --no-dynamic-linker 2>&1 | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=PIE-ERROR
+PIE-ERROR: ld.lld: error: relocation R_ARM_CALL cannot refer to absolute symbol: __divmoddi4
+PIE-ERROR-NEXT: >>> defined in divmoddi4.bc
+PIE-ERROR-NEXT: >>> referenced by aeabi_ldivmod.o:(__aeabi_ldivmod)
+;; Removing --start-lib/--end-lib also ensures that the reference is retained
+; RUN: ld.lld main-implicit-ldivmod.bc aeabi_ldivmod.o divmoddi4.bc -o out.nolib
+; RUN: llvm-objdump -d -r -t out.nolib | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=GOOD-DUMP
+
+;; Interestingly, just declaring __aeabi_ldivmod is sufficient to not run into this issue.
+; RUN: llvm-as main-declared.ll -o main-declared-ldivmod.bc
+; RUN: ld.lld main-declared-ldivmod.bc --start-lib aeabi_ldivmod.o divmoddi4.bc --end-lib -o out.declared
+; RUN: llvm-objdump -d -r -t out.declared | FileCheck %s --check-prefix=GOOD-DUMP
+
+;--- divmoddi4.ll
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-Fi8-i64:64-v128:64:128-a:0:32-n32-S64"
+target triple = "armv7-none-unknown-eabi"
+
+; Adding it to llvm.used does not appears to have any effect!
+;; @llvm.used = appending global [1 x ptr] [ptr @__divmoddi4], section "llvm.metadata"
+
+; Stub version of the real __divmoddi4
+define i64 @__divmoddi4(i64 %a, i64 %b, ptr writeonly %rem) #0 align 32 {
+entry:
+  %sub = sub i64 %a, %b
+  store i64 0, ptr %rem, align 8
+  ret i64 %sub
+}
+
+attributes #0 = { mustprogress nofree noinline norecurse nosync nounwind willreturn memory(argmem: write) "frame-pointer"="non-leaf" "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="cortex-a15" }
+
+;--- aeabi_ldivmod.s
+.syntax unified
+.p2align 2
+.arm
+.globl __aeabi_ldivmod
+.type __aeabi_ldivmod,%function
+__aeabi_ldivmod:
+        push {r6, lr}
+        sub sp, sp, #16
+        add r6, sp, #8
+        str r6, [sp]
+        bl __divmoddi4
+        ldr r2, [sp, #8]
+        ldr r3, [sp, #12]
+        add sp, sp, #16
+        pop {r6, pc}
+.size __aeabi_ldivmod, . - __aeabi_ldivmod
+
+;--- main-implicit.ll
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-Fi8-i64:64-v128:64:128-a:0:32-n32-S64"
+target triple = "armv7-none-unknown-eabi"
+
+define dso_local i64 @_start(i64 %num, i64 %denom) local_unnamed_addr #0 {
+entry:
+  %div = sdiv i64 %num, %denom
+  %ret = add i64 %div, 2
+  ret i64 %ret
+}
+
+attributes #0 = { mustprogress nofree norecurse nosync nounwind willreturn memory(none) "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="cortex-a15" }
+
+;--- main-explicit.ll
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-Fi8-i64:64-v128:64:128-a:0:32-n32-S64"
+target triple = "armv7-none-unknown-eabi"
+
+declare { i64, i64 } @__aeabi_ldivmod(i64, i64)
+
+define dso_local noundef i64 @_start(i64 noundef %num, i64 noundef %denom) local_unnamed_addr #0 {
+entry:
+  %quotrem = call { i64, i64 } @__aeabi_ldivmod(i64 %num, i64 %denom)
+  %div = extractvalue { i64, i64 } %quotrem, 0
+  %ret = add i64 %div, 2
+  ret i64 %ret
+}
+
+attributes #0 = { mustprogress nofree norecurse nosync nounwind willreturn memory(none) "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="cortex-a15" }
+
+;--- main-declared.ll
+target datalayout = "e-m:e-p:32:32-Fi8-i64:64-v128:64:128-a:0:32-n32-S64"
+target triple = "armv7-none-unknown-eabi"
+
+declare { i64, i64 } @__aeabi_ldivmod(i64, i64)
+
+define dso_local i64 @_start(i64 %num, i64 %denom) local_unnamed_addr #0 {
+entry:
+  %div = sdiv i64 %num, %denom
+  %ret = add i64 %div, 2
+  ret i64 %ret
+}
+
+attributes #0 = { mustprogress nofree norecurse nosync nounwind willreturn memory(none) "no-trapping-math"="true" "stack-protector-buffer-size"="8" "target-cpu"="cortex-a15" }