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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: README.ja.md
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This is an *informal* translation of [`README.md` (revision b65049d4, 2022-Oct-23)](https://github.com/lima-vm/lima/blob/b65049d4b89421fca5c73f494bb35e23b3c576c0/README.md) in Japanese.
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This is an *informal* translation of [`README.md` (revision c1368f45, 2022-Dec-12)](https://github.com/lima-vm/lima/blob/c1368f45d908947dd0828bc5caa00baa4a46be5c/README.md) in Japanese.
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This translation might be out of sync with the English version.
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Please refer to the [English `README.md`](README.md) for the latest information.
-["Waiting for the essential requirement 1 of X: "ssh" で固まります"](#waiting-for-the-essential-requirement-1-of-x-ssh-%E3%81%A7%E5%9B%BA%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8A%E3%81%BE%E3%81%99)
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: README.md
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#### Install QEMU
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Install recent version of QEMU.
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On M1 macOS, [Homebrew's QEMU `6.2.0_1`](https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/pull/96743) or later is recommended.
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If you are not using Homebrew, make sure to include the following commits to boot recent Linux guests:
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-https://github.com/qemu/qemu/commit/ad99f64f`hvf: arm: Use macros for sysreg shift/masking`
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-https://github.com/qemu/qemu/commit/7f6c295c`hvf: arm: Handle unknown ID registers as RES0`
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These commits are also included in the QEMU 7.0, however, [it should be noted that QEMU 7.0 needs macOS 12.4 or later to use more than 3 GiB memory on M1](https://github.com/lima-vm/lima/pull/796).
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Install QEMU 7.0 or later.
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#### Install Lima
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## How it works
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- Hypervisor: QEMU with HVF accelerator
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- Filesystem sharing: [Reverse SSHFS (default), or virtio-9p-pci aka virtfs](./docs/mount.md)
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- Hypervisor: [QEMU with HVF accelerator (default), or Virtualization.framework](./docs/vmtype.md)
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- Filesystem sharing: [Reverse SSHFS (default), or virtio-9p-pci aka virtfs, or virtiofs](./docs/mount.md)
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- Port forwarding: `ssh -L`, automated by watching `/proc/net/tcp` and `iptables` events in the guest
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## Developer guide
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### Help wanted
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:pray:
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- Documents
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- CLI user experience
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- Performance optimization
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- More guest distros
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- Windows hosts
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- virtio-fs to replace virtio-9p-pci aka virtfs (work has to be done on QEMU repo)
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-[vsock](https://github.com/apple/darwin-xnu/blob/xnu-7195.81.3/bsd/man/man4/vsock.4) to replace SSH (work has to be done on QEMU repo)
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## FAQs & Troubleshooting
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-["QEMU is slow"](#qemu-is-slow)
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-[error "killed -9"](#error-killed--9)
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-["QEMU crashes with `vmx_write_mem: mmu_gva_to_gpa XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX failed`"](#qemu-crashes-with-vmx_write_mem-mmu_gva_to_gpa-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx-failed)
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-[SSH](#ssh)
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-["Port forwarding does not work"](#port-forwarding-does-not-work)
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-[stuck on "Waiting for the essential requirement 1 of X: "ssh"](#stuck-on-waiting-for-the-essential-requirement-1-of-x-ssh)
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-["permission denied" for `limactl cp` command](#permission-denied-for-limactl-cp-command)
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-[Networking](#networking)
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-["Cannot access the guest IP 192.168.5.15 from the host"](#cannot-access-the-guest-ip-192168515-from-the-host)
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-[Ping shows duplicate packets and massive response times](#ping-shows-duplicate-packets-and-massive-response-times)
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-["Ping shows duplicate packets and massive response times"](#ping-shows-duplicate-packets-and-massive-response-times)
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-[Filesystem sharing](#filesystem-sharing)
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-["Filesystem is slow"](#filesystem-is-slow)
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-["Filesystem is not writable"](#filesystem-is-not-writable)
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-[External projects](#external-projects)
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-["I am using Rancher Desktop. How to deal with the underlying Lima?"](#i-am-using-rancher-desktop-how-to-deal-with-the-underlying-lima)
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-["Hints for debugging other problems?"](#hints-for-debugging-other-problems)
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https://bugs.launchpad.net/qemu/+bug/1838390
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### SSH
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#### "Port forwarding does not work"
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Prior to Lima v0.7.0, Lima did not support forwarding privileged ports (1-1023). e.g., you had to use 8080, not 80.
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Lima v0.7.0 and later supports forwarding privileged ports on macOS hosts.
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On Linux hosts, you might have to set sysctl value `net.ipv4.ip_unprivileged_port_start=0`.
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#### stuck on "Waiting for the essential requirement 1 of X: "ssh"
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On M1 macOS, QEMU needs to be [Homebrew's QEMU `6.2.0_1`](https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/pull/96743) or later to run recent Linux guests.
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Run `brew upgrade` to upgrade QEMU.
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If you are not using Homebrew, see the "Manual installation steps" in the [Installation](#installation) section.
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See also `serial.log` in `~/.lima/<INSTANCE>` for debugging.
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#### "permission denied" for `limactl cp` command
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The `copy` command only works for instances that have been created by lima 0.5.0 or later. You can manually install the required identity on older instances with (replace `INSTANCE` with actual instance name):
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```console
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< ~/.lima/_config/user.pub limactl shell INSTANCE sh -c 'tee -a ~/.ssh/authorized_keys'
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```
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### Networking
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#### "Cannot access the guest IP 192.168.5.15 from the host"
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See [`./docs/network.md`](./docs/network.md).
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#### Ping shows duplicate packets and massive response times
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#### "Ping shows duplicate packets and massive response times"
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Lima uses QEMU's SLIRP networking which does not support `ping` out of the box:
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For more details, see [Documentation/Networking](https://wiki.qemu.org/Documentation/Networking#User_Networking_.28SLIRP.29).
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### Filesystem sharing
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#### "Filesystem is slow"
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Try virtiofs. See [`docs/mount.md`](./docs/mount.md)
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#### "Filesystem is not writable"
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The home directory is mounted as read-only by default.
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To enable writing, specify `writable: true` in the YAML:
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```yaml
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mounts:
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- location: "~"
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writable: true
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```
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Run `limactl edit <INSTANCE>` to open the YAML editor for an existing instance.
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### External projects
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#### "I am using Rancher Desktop. How to deal with the underlying Lima?"
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: docs/multi-arch.md
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Lima supports two modes for running Intel-on-ARM and ARM-on-Intel:
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-[Slow mode](#slow-mode)
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-[Fast mode](#fast-mode)
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-[Fast mode 2](#fast-mode-2)
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## [Slow mode: Intel VM on ARM Host / ARM VM on Intel Host](#slow-mode)
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```
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Running a VM with a foreign architecture is extremely slow.
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Consider using [Fast mode](#fast-mode) whenever possible.
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Consider using [Fast mode](#fast-mode) or [Fast mode 2](#fast-mode-2) whenever possible.
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## [Fast mode: Intel containers on ARM VM on ARM Host / ARM containers on Intel VM on Intel Host](#fast-mode)
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This mode is significantly faster but often sacrifices compatibility.
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This mode uses QEMU User Mode Emulation.
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QEMU User Mode Emulation is significantly faster than QEMU System Mode Emulation, but it often sacrifices compatibility.
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Fast mode requires Lima v0.7.3 (nerdctl v0.13.0) or later.
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| :zap: Requirement | Lima >= 0.7.3 |
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|-------------------|---------------|
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If your VM was created with Lima prior to v0.7.3, you have to recreate the VM with Lima >= 0.7.3,
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or upgrade `/usr/local/bin/nerdctl` binary in the VM to [>= 0.13.0](https://github.com/containerd/nerdctl/releases) manually.
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Set up:
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```bash
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lima sudo systemctl start containerd
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lima sudo nerdctl run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install all
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lima sudo nerdctl run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt:qemu-v7.0.0-28@sha256:66e11bea77a5ea9d6f0fe79b57cd2b189b5d15b93a2bdb925be22949232e4e55 --install all
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```
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Run containers:
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```
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See also https://github.com/containerd/nerdctl/blob/master/docs/multi-platform.md
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## [Fast mode 2 (Rosetta): Intel containers on ARM VM on ARM Host](#fast-mode-2)
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> **Warning**
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> "vz" mode, including support for Rosetta, is experimental
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|:zap: Requirement | Lima >= 0.14, macOS >= 13.0, ARM |
[Rosetta](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/virtualization/running_intel_binaries_in_linux_vms_with_rosetta) is known to be much faster than QEMU User Mode Emulation.
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Rosetta is available for [VZ](./vmtype.md) instances on ARM hosts.
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```yaml
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vmType: "vz"
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rosetta:
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# Enable Rosetta for Linux.
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# Hint: try `softwareupdate --install-rosetta` if Lima gets stuck at `Installing rosetta...`
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