[clang][TableGen] Change AttrEmitter to use const RecordKeeper (#108269)

Change AttrEmitter to use const RecordKeeper.

This is a part of effort to have better const correctness in TableGen
backends:


https://discourse.llvm.org/t/psa-planned-changes-to-tablegen-getallderiveddefinitions-api-potential-downstream-breakages/81089

Author: jurahul