DOCSP-30358: Run a Command Fundamentals page (#702)

* DOCSP-30358: run command fundamentals pg

* add to tree

* fix tree entry

* add note and some fixes

* move out of CURD

* MW PR fixes 1

* MW PR fixes 2

(cherry picked from commit 12e4e60)

Author: rustagir

source/code-snippets/crud/runCommand.js

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import { MongoClient } from "mongodb";
+
+// Replace the uri string with your MongoDB deployment's connection string.
+const uri = "<connection string uri>";
+
+const client = new MongoClient(uri);
+
+async function run() {
+  try {
+    // start-runcommand
+    const db = client.db("testDB");
+    const cursor = await db.runCursorCommand({
+        checkMetadataConsistency: 1,
+    });
+    for await (const doc of cursor) {
+      console.log(doc);
+    }
+    // end-runcommand
+  } finally {
+    await client.close();
+  }
+}
+run().catch(console.dir);
+

source/fundamentals.txt

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ Fundamentals
    /fundamentals/promises
    /fundamentals/aggregation
    /fundamentals/transactions
+   /fundamentals/run-command
    /fundamentals/indexes
    /fundamentals/collations
    /fundamentals/logging

source/fundamentals/crud/read-operations/cursor.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+.. _node-access-cursor:
+
 =========================
 Access Data From a Cursor
 =========================

source/fundamentals/run-command.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+.. _node-run-command:
+
+=============
+Run a Command
+=============
+
+.. contents:: On this page
+   :local:
+   :backlinks: none
+   :depth: 2
+   :class: singlecol
+
+Overview
+--------
+
+In this guide, you can learn how to run a database command with the
+{+driver-short+}. You can use database commands to perform a variety of
+administrative and diagnostic tasks, such as fetching server statistics,
+initializing a replica set, or running an aggregation pipeline.
+
+.. important:: Prefer Driver Methods to Database Commands
+
+   The driver provides wrapper methods for many database commands.
+   We recommend using driver methods instead of executing database
+   commands when possible.
+   
+   To perform administrative tasks, use the :mongosh:`MongoDB Shell </>`
+   instead of the {+driver-short+}. Calling the ``db.runCommand()``
+   method inside the shell is the preferred method to issue database
+   commands, as it provides a consistent interface between the shell and
+   drivers.
+
+.. tip::
+
+    Use the :mongosh:`MongoDB Shell </>` for
+    administrative tasks instead of the Java driver whenever possible,
+    since these tasks are often quicker and easier to implement with the
+    shell than in a Java application. This is the preferred method to
+    issue database commands, as it provides a consistent interface
+    between the shell and drivers.
+
+Execute a Command
+-----------------
+
+To run a database command, you must specify the command and any relevant
+parameters in a command document, then pass the command document to a
+command execution method. The {+driver-short+} provides the following methods
+to run database commands:
+
+- ``command()``, which returns the command response as a
+  ``Document`` type. You can use this method with any database command.
+- ``runCursorCommand()``, which returns the command response as an iterable
+  ``RunCommandCursor`` type. You can use this method only if your database command
+  returns multiple result documents.
+
+The following code shows how you can use the ``command()``
+method to run the ``hello`` command, which returns information about
+the current member's role in the replica set, on a database:
+
+.. code-block:: javascript
+
+   const result = await myDB.command({ hello: 1 });
+
+For a full list of database commands and corresponding parameters, see
+the :ref:`Additional Information section <addl-info-runcommand>`.
+
+.. note:: Read Preference
+
+   ``command()`` and ``runCursorCommand()`` do not obey the read
+   preference you may have set on your ``Db`` object elsewhere in
+   your code. By default, these methods use the ``primary`` read
+   preference.
+   
+   You can set a read preference for command execution by
+   passing an options object to either method. The ``command()`` method
+   takes a ``RunCommandOptions`` object, and the ``runCursorCommand()`` method
+   takes a ``RunCursorCommandOptions`` object.
+
+   The following code shows how to specify a read preference and pass it
+   as an option to the ``command()`` method:
+   
+   .. code-block:: javascript
+
+      const commandOptions = { readPreference: "nearest" };
+      const result = await myDB.command(commandDoc, commandOptions);
+   
+   For more information on read preference options, see :manual:`Read
+   Preference </core/read-preference/>` in the Server manual.
+
+Response
+--------
+
+Each method returns a ``Document`` object or a cursor that contains
+the response from the database after the command has been executed. Each
+database command performs a different function, so the response content
+can vary across commands. However, every response contains documents
+with the following fields:
+
+.. list-table::
+   :header-rows: 1
+   :widths: 30 70
+
+   * - Field
+     - Description
+
+   * - <command result>
+     - Provides fields specific to the database command. For example,
+       ``count`` returns the ``n`` field and ``explain`` returns the
+       ``queryPlanner`` field.
+
+   * - ``ok``
+     - Indicates whether the command has succeeded (``1``)
+       or failed (``0``).
+
+   * - ``operationTime``
+     - Indicates the logical time of the operation. MongoDB uses the
+       logical time to order operations.
+       
+       .. seealso::
+  
+          To learn more about logical time, see our :website:`blog post about
+          the Global Logical Clock </blog/post/transactions-background-part-4-the-global-logical-clock>`.
+
+   * - ``$clusterTime``
+     - Provides a document that returns the signed cluster time. Cluster time is a
+       logical time used for ordering of operations.
+
+       The document contains the following fields:
+
+       - ``clusterTime``, which is the timestamp of the highest known cluster time for the member.
+       - ``signature``, which is a document that contains the hash of the cluster time and the ID
+         of the key used to sign the cluster time.
+
+Example
+-------
+
+The following code shows how you can use the ``runCursorCommand()`` method to
+run the ``checkMetadataConsistency`` command on the ``testDB`` database
+and iterate through the results:
+
+.. literalinclude:: /code-snippets/crud/runCommand.js
+   :language: javascript
+   :dedent:
+   :start-after: start-runcommand
+   :end-before: end-runcommand
+
+Output
+~~~~~~
+
+The output contains the contents of the cursor object. The documents
+describe any metadata inconsistencies in the database:
+
+.. code-block:: javascript
+
+   {
+     type: ...,
+     description: ...,
+     details: {
+       namespace: ...,
+       info: ...
+     }
+   }
+   {
+     type: ...,
+     description: ...,
+     details: {
+       namespace: ...,
+       collectionUUID: ...,
+       maxKeyObj: ...,
+       ...
+     }
+   }
+
+.. note::
+
+   If you store the command response in a cursor, you see only the
+   command result documents when you access the contents of the cursor. You won't
+   see the ``ok``, ``operationTime``, and ``$clusterTime`` fields.
+
+.. _addl-info-runcommand:
+
+Additional Information
+----------------------
+
+For more information about the concepts in this guide, see the following documentation:
+
+- :manual:`db.runCommand() </reference/method/db.runCommand/>`
+- :manual:`Database Commands </reference/command/>`
+- :manual:`hello Command </reference/command/hello/>`
+
+.. - :manual:`checkMetadataConsistency Command </reference/command/checkMetadataConsistency/>`
+
+To learn how to retrieve data from a cursor, see the
+:ref:`node-access-cursor` fundamentals page.

source/includes/fundamentals-sections.rst

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ Fundamentals section:
 - :doc:`Access Return Values </fundamentals/promises>`
 - :doc:`Transform your Data </fundamentals/aggregation>`
 - :doc:`Create and Manage Transactions </fundamentals/transactions>`
+- :doc:`Run a Database Command </fundamentals/run-command>`
 - :doc:`Create Indexes to Speed Up Queries </fundamentals/indexes>`
 - :doc:`Sort Using Collations </fundamentals/collations>`
 - :doc:`Log Events in the Driver </fundamentals/logging>`

source/usage-examples/command.txt

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
+.. _node-run-command-usageex:
+
 =============
 Run a Command
 =============
 
-.. default-domain:: mongodb
-
 You can run all raw database operations using the
 `db.command() <{+api+}/classes/Db.html#command>`__ method. Call the ``command()`` method with
 your command object on an instance of a database for diagnostic and