bpf: Fix use-after-free of bpf_link when priming half-fails

If bpf_link_prime() succeeds to allocate new anon file, but then fails to
allocate ID for it, link priming is considered to be failed and user is
supposed ot be able to directly kfree() bpf_link, because it was never exposed
to user-space.

But at that point file already keeps a pointer to bpf_link and will eventually
call bpf_link_release(), so if bpf_link was kfree()'d by caller, that would
lead to use-after-free.

Fix this by first allocating ID and only then allocating file. Adding ID to
link_idr is ok, because link at that point still doesn't have its ID set, so
no user-space process can create a new FD for it.

Fixes: a3b80e1 ("bpf: Allocate ID for bpf_link")
Reported-by: [email protected]
Suggested-by: Martin KaFai Lau <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/[email protected]

Author: anakryiko

kernel/bpf/syscall.c

@@ -2348,19 +2348,20 @@ int bpf_link_prime(struct bpf_link *link, struct bpf_link_primer *primer)
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return fd;
 
-	file = anon_inode_getfile("bpf_link", &bpf_link_fops, link, O_CLOEXEC);
-	if (IS_ERR(file)) {
-		put_unused_fd(fd);
-		return PTR_ERR(file);
-	}
 
 	id = bpf_link_alloc_id(link);
 	if (id < 0) {
 		put_unused_fd(fd);
-		fput(file);
 		return id;
 	}
 
+	file = anon_inode_getfile("bpf_link", &bpf_link_fops, link, O_CLOEXEC);
+	if (IS_ERR(file)) {
+		bpf_link_free_id(id);
+		put_unused_fd(fd);
+		return PTR_ERR(file);
+	}
+
 	primer->link = link;
 	primer->file = file;
 	primer->fd = fd;