x86/fred: Fix the FRED RSP0 MSR out of sync with its per-CPU cache

The FRED RSP0 MSR is only used for delivering events when running
userspace.  Linux leverages this property to reduce expensive MSR
writes and optimize context switches.  The kernel only writes the
MSR when about to run userspace *and* when the MSR has actually
changed since the last time userspace ran.

This optimization is implemented by maintaining a per-CPU cache of
FRED RSP0 and then checking that against the value for the top of
current task stack before running userspace.

However cpu_init_fred_exceptions() writes the MSR without updating
the per-CPU cache.  This means that the kernel might return to
userspace with MSR_IA32_FRED_RSP0==0 when it needed to point to the
top of current task stack.  This would induce a double fault (#DF),
which is bad.

A context switch after cpu_init_fred_exceptions() can paper over
the issue since it updates the cached value.  That evidently
happens most of the time explaining how this bug got through.

Fix the bug through resynchronizing the FRED RSP0 MSR with its
per-CPU cache in cpu_init_fred_exceptions().

Fixes: fe85ee3 ("x86/entry: Set FRED RSP0 on return to userspace instead of context switch")
Signed-off-by: Xin Li (Intel) <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <[email protected]>
Cc:[email protected]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250110174639.1250829-1-xin%40zytor.com

Author: xinli-intel

arch/x86/kernel/fred.c

@@ -50,7 +50,13 @@ void cpu_init_fred_exceptions(void)
 	       FRED_CONFIG_ENTRYPOINT(asm_fred_entrypoint_user));
 
 	wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_FRED_STKLVLS, 0);
-	wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_FRED_RSP0, 0);
+
+	/*
+	 * Ater a CPU offline/online cycle, the FRED RSP0 MSR should be
+	 * resynchronized with its per-CPU cache.
+	 */
+	wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_FRED_RSP0, __this_cpu_read(fred_rsp0));
+
 	wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_FRED_RSP1, 0);
 	wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_FRED_RSP2, 0);
 	wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_FRED_RSP3, 0);