selinux: overhaul sidtab to fix bug and improve performance

Before this patch, during a policy reload the sidtab would become frozen
and trying to map a new context to SID would be unable to add a new
entry to sidtab and fail with -ENOMEM.

Such failures are usually propagated into userspace, which has no way of
distignuishing them from actual allocation failures and thus doesn't
handle them gracefully. Such situation can be triggered e.g. by the
following reproducer:

    while true; do load_policy; echo -n .; sleep 0.1; done &
    for (( i = 0; i < 1024; i++ )); do
        runcon -l s0:c$i echo -n x || break
        # or:
        # chcon -l s0:c$i <some_file> || break
    done

This patch overhauls the sidtab so it doesn't need to be frozen during
policy reload, thus solving the above problem.

The new SID table leverages the fact that SIDs are allocated
sequentially and are never invalidated and stores them in linear buckets
indexed by a tree structure. This brings several advantages:
  1. Fast SID -> context lookup - this lookup can now be done in
     logarithmic time complexity (usually in less than 4 array lookups)
     and can still be done safely without locking.
  2. No need to re-search the whole table on reverse lookup miss - after
     acquiring the spinlock only the newly added entries need to be
     searched, which means that reverse lookups that end up inserting a
     new entry are now about twice as fast.
  3. No need to freeze sidtab during policy reload - it is now possible
     to handle insertion of new entries even during sidtab conversion.

The tree structure of the new sidtab is able to grow automatically to up
to about 2^31 entries (at which point it should not have more than about
4 tree levels). The old sidtab had a theoretical capacity of almost 2^32
entries, but half of that is still more than enough since by that point
the reverse table lookups would become unusably slow anyway...

The number of entries per tree node is selected automatically so that
each node fits into a single page, which should be the easiest size for
kmalloc() to handle.

Note that the cache for reverse lookup is preserved with equivalent
logic. The only difference is that instead of storing pointers to the
hash table nodes it stores just the indices of the cached entries.

The new cache ensures that the indices are loaded/stored atomically, but
it still has the drawback that concurrent cache updates may mess up the
contents of the cache. Such situation however only reduces its
effectivity, not the correctness of lookups.

Tested by selinux-testsuite and thoroughly tortured by this simple
stress test:
```
function rand_cat() {
	echo $(( $RANDOM % 1024 ))
}

function do_work() {
	while true; do
		echo -n "system_u:system_r:kernel_t:s0:c$(rand_cat),c$(rand_cat)" \
			>/sys/fs/selinux/context 2>/dev/null || true
	done
}

do_work >/dev/null &
do_work >/dev/null &
do_work >/dev/null &

while load_policy; do echo -n .; sleep 0.1; done

kill %1
kill %2
kill %3
```

Link: SELinuxProject/selinux-kernel#38

Reported-by: Orion Poplawski <[email protected]>
Reported-by: Li Kun <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Ondrej Mosnacek <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Stephen Smalley <[email protected]>
[PM: most of sidtab.c merged by hand due to conflicts]
[PM: checkpatch fixes in mls.c, services.c, sidtab.c]
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <[email protected]>

Author: WOnder93

security/selinux/ss/mls.c

@@ -436,16 +436,17 @@ int mls_setup_user_range(struct policydb *p,
 
 /*
  * Convert the MLS fields in the security context
- * structure `c' from the values specified in the
- * policy `oldp' to the values specified in the policy `newp'.
+ * structure `oldc' from the values specified in the
+ * policy `oldp' to the values specified in the policy `newp',
+ * storing the resulting context in `newc'.
  */
 int mls_convert_context(struct policydb *oldp,
 			struct policydb *newp,
-			struct context *c)
+			struct context *oldc,
+			struct context *newc)
 {
 	struct level_datum *levdatum;
 	struct cat_datum *catdatum;
-	struct ebitmap bitmap;
 	struct ebitmap_node *node;
 	int l, i;
 
@@ -455,28 +456,25 @@ int mls_convert_context(struct policydb *oldp,
 	for (l = 0; l < 2; l++) {
 		levdatum = hashtab_search(newp->p_levels.table,
 					  sym_name(oldp, SYM_LEVELS,
-						   c->range.level[l].sens - 1));
+						   oldc->range.level[l].sens - 1));
 
 		if (!levdatum)
 			return -EINVAL;
-		c->range.level[l].sens = levdatum->level->sens;
+		newc->range.level[l].sens = levdatum->level->sens;
 
-		ebitmap_init(&bitmap);
-		ebitmap_for_each_positive_bit(&c->range.level[l].cat, node, i) {
+		ebitmap_for_each_positive_bit(&oldc->range.level[l].cat,
+					      node, i) {
 			int rc;
 
 			catdatum = hashtab_search(newp->p_cats.table,
 						  sym_name(oldp, SYM_CATS, i));
 			if (!catdatum)
 				return -EINVAL;
-			rc = ebitmap_set_bit(&bitmap, catdatum->value - 1, 1);
+			rc = ebitmap_set_bit(&newc->range.level[l].cat,
+					     catdatum->value - 1, 1);
 			if (rc)
 				return rc;
-
-			cond_resched();
 		}
-		ebitmap_destroy(&c->range.level[l].cat);
-		c->range.level[l].cat = bitmap;
 	}
 
 	return 0;

security/selinux/ss/mls.h

@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ int mls_range_set(struct context *context, struct mls_range *range);
 
 int mls_convert_context(struct policydb *oldp,
 			struct policydb *newp,
-			struct context *context);
+			struct context *oldc,
+			struct context *newc);
 
 int mls_compute_sid(struct policydb *p,
 		    struct context *scontext,

security/selinux/ss/services.c

@@ -1907,19 +1907,16 @@ struct convert_context_args {
 
 /*
  * Convert the values in the security context
- * structure `c' from the values specified
+ * structure `oldc' from the values specified
  * in the policy `p->oldp' to the values specified
- * in the policy `p->newp'.  Verify that the
- * context is valid under the new policy.
+ * in the policy `p->newp', storing the new context
+ * in `newc'.  Verify that the context is valid
+ * under the new policy.
  */
-static int convert_context(u32 key,
-			   struct context *c,
-			   void *p)
+static int convert_context(struct context *oldc, struct context *newc, void *p)
 {
 	struct convert_context_args *args;
-	struct context oldc;
 	struct ocontext *oc;
-	struct mls_range *range;
 	struct role_datum *role;
 	struct type_datum *typdatum;
 	struct user_datum *usrdatum;
@@ -1929,76 +1926,65 @@ static int convert_context(u32 key,
 
 	args = p;
 
-	if (c->str) {
-		struct context ctx;
-
-		rc = -ENOMEM;
-		s = kstrdup(c->str, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (oldc->str) {
+		s = kstrdup(oldc->str, GFP_KERNEL);
 		if (!s)
-			goto out;
+			return -ENOMEM;
 
 		rc = string_to_context_struct(args->newp, NULL, s,
-					      &ctx, SECSID_NULL);
-		kfree(s);
-		if (!rc) {
-			pr_info("SELinux:  Context %s became valid (mapped).\n",
-			       c->str);
-			/* Replace string with mapped representation. */
-			kfree(c->str);
-			memcpy(c, &ctx, sizeof(*c));
-			goto out;
-		} else if (rc == -EINVAL) {
+					      newc, SECSID_NULL);
+		if (rc == -EINVAL) {
 			/* Retain string representation for later mapping. */
-			rc = 0;
-			goto out;
-		} else {
+			context_init(newc);
+			newc->str = s;
+			newc->len = oldc->len;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		kfree(s);
+		if (rc) {
 			/* Other error condition, e.g. ENOMEM. */
 			pr_err("SELinux:   Unable to map context %s, rc = %d.\n",
-			       c->str, -rc);
-			goto out;
+			       oldc->str, -rc);
+			return rc;
 		}
+		pr_info("SELinux:  Context %s became valid (mapped).\n",
+			oldc->str);
+		return 0;
 	}
 
-	rc = context_cpy(&oldc, c);
-	if (rc)
-		goto out;
+	context_init(newc);
 
 	/* Convert the user. */
 	rc = -EINVAL;
 	usrdatum = hashtab_search(args->newp->p_users.table,
-				  sym_name(args->oldp, SYM_USERS, c->user - 1));
+				  sym_name(args->oldp,
+					   SYM_USERS, oldc->user - 1));
 	if (!usrdatum)
 		goto bad;
-	c->user = usrdatum->value;
+	newc->user = usrdatum->value;
 
 	/* Convert the role. */
 	rc = -EINVAL;
 	role = hashtab_search(args->newp->p_roles.table,
-			      sym_name(args->oldp, SYM_ROLES, c->role - 1));
+			      sym_name(args->oldp, SYM_ROLES, oldc->role - 1));
 	if (!role)
 		goto bad;
-	c->role = role->value;
+	newc->role = role->value;
 
 	/* Convert the type. */
 	rc = -EINVAL;
 	typdatum = hashtab_search(args->newp->p_types.table,
-				  sym_name(args->oldp, SYM_TYPES, c->type - 1));
+				  sym_name(args->oldp,
+					   SYM_TYPES, oldc->type - 1));
 	if (!typdatum)
 		goto bad;
-	c->type = typdatum->value;
+	newc->type = typdatum->value;
 
 	/* Convert the MLS fields if dealing with MLS policies */
 	if (args->oldp->mls_enabled && args->newp->mls_enabled) {
-		rc = mls_convert_context(args->oldp, args->newp, c);
+		rc = mls_convert_context(args->oldp, args->newp, oldc, newc);
 		if (rc)
 			goto bad;
-	} else if (args->oldp->mls_enabled && !args->newp->mls_enabled) {
-		/*
-		 * Switching between MLS and non-MLS policy:
-		 * free any storage used by the MLS fields in the
-		 * context for all existing entries in the sidtab.
-		 */
-		mls_context_destroy(c);
 	} else if (!args->oldp->mls_enabled && args->newp->mls_enabled) {
 		/*
 		 * Switching between non-MLS and MLS policy:
@@ -2016,38 +2002,30 @@ static int convert_context(u32 key,
 				" the initial SIDs list\n");
 			goto bad;
 		}
-		range = &oc->context[0].range;
-		rc = mls_range_set(c, range);
+		rc = mls_range_set(newc, &oc->context[0].range);
 		if (rc)
 			goto bad;
 	}
 
 	/* Check the validity of the new context. */
-	if (!policydb_context_isvalid(args->newp, c)) {
-		rc = convert_context_handle_invalid_context(args->state,
-							    &oldc);
+	if (!policydb_context_isvalid(args->newp, newc)) {
+		rc = convert_context_handle_invalid_context(args->state, oldc);
 		if (rc)
 			goto bad;
 	}
 
-	context_destroy(&oldc);
-
-	rc = 0;
-out:
-	return rc;
+	return 0;
 bad:
 	/* Map old representation to string and save it. */
-	rc = context_struct_to_string(args->oldp, &oldc, &s, &len);
+	rc = context_struct_to_string(args->oldp, oldc, &s, &len);
 	if (rc)
 		return rc;
-	context_destroy(&oldc);
-	context_destroy(c);
-	c->str = s;
-	c->len = len;
+	context_destroy(newc);
+	newc->str = s;
+	newc->len = len;
 	pr_info("SELinux:  Context %s became invalid (unmapped).\n",
-	       c->str);
-	rc = 0;
-	goto out;
+		newc->str);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static void security_load_policycaps(struct selinux_state *state)
@@ -2091,6 +2069,7 @@ int security_load_policy(struct selinux_state *state, void *data, size_t len)
 	struct policydb *oldpolicydb, *newpolicydb;
 	struct selinux_mapping *oldmapping;
 	struct selinux_map newmap;
+	struct sidtab_convert_params convert_params;
 	struct convert_context_args args;
 	u32 seqno;
 	int rc = 0;
@@ -2147,12 +2126,6 @@ int security_load_policy(struct selinux_state *state, void *data, size_t len)
 		goto out;
 	}
 
-	oldsidtab = state->ss->sidtab;
-
-#if 0
-	sidtab_hash_eval(oldsidtab, "sids");
-#endif
-
 	rc = policydb_read(newpolicydb, fp);
 	if (rc) {
 		kfree(newsidtab);
@@ -2184,14 +2157,21 @@ int security_load_policy(struct selinux_state *state, void *data, size_t len)
 		goto err;
 	}
 
+	oldsidtab = state->ss->sidtab;
+
 	/*
 	 * Convert the internal representations of contexts
 	 * in the new SID table.
 	 */
 	args.state = state;
 	args.oldp = policydb;
 	args.newp = newpolicydb;
-	rc = sidtab_convert(oldsidtab, newsidtab, convert_context, &args);
+
+	convert_params.func = convert_context;
+	convert_params.args = &args;
+	convert_params.target = newsidtab;
+
+	rc = sidtab_convert(oldsidtab, &convert_params);
 	if (rc) {
 		pr_err("SELinux:  unable to convert the internal"
 			" representation of contexts in the new SID"