Request non-keep-alive connections by default in HTTP 1.1 requests.

As noted in FR #65634, at present we don't send a Connection request header
when the protocol version is set to 1.1, which means that RFC-compliant Web
servers should respond with keep-alive connections. Since there's no way of
reusing the HTTP connection at present, this simply means that PHP will appear
to hang until the remote server hits its connection timeout, which may be quite
some time.

This commit sends a "Connection: close" header by default when HTTP 1.1 (or
later) is requested by the user via the context options. It can be overridden
by specifying a Connection header in the context options. It isn't possible to
disable sending of the Connection header, but given "Connection: keep-alive" is
the same as the default HTTP 1.1 behaviour, I don't see this as a significant
issue — users who want to opt in for that still can.

As a note, although I've removed an efree(protocol_version), this doesn't
result in a memory leak: protocol_version is freed in the out: block at the end
of the function anyway, and there are no returns between the removed efree()
and the later call. Yes, I ran the tests with valgrind to check that. ☺

Implements FR #65634 (HTTP wrapper is very slow with protocol_version 1.1).

Author: LawnGnome

NEWS

@@ -44,4 +44,8 @@ PHP                                                                        NEWS
     improvements based on this.
     (RFC: https://wiki.php.net/rfc/operator_overloading_gmp). (Nikita)
 
+- Standard:
+  . Implemented FR #65634 (HTTP wrapper is very slow with protocol_version
+    1.1). (Adam)
+
 <<< NOTE: Insert NEWS from last stable release here prior to actual release! >>>

UPGRADING

@@ -98,3 +98,7 @@ PHP X.Y UPGRADE NOTES
 
 - File upload:
   Uploads equal or greater than 2GB in size are now accepted.
+
+- HTTP stream wrapper:
+  HTTP 1.1 requests now include a Connection: close header unless explicitly
+  overridden by setting a Connection header via the header context option.

ext/standard/http_fopen_wrapper.c

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@
 #define HTTP_HEADER_FROM			8
 #define HTTP_HEADER_CONTENT_LENGTH	16
 #define HTTP_HEADER_TYPE			32
+#define HTTP_HEADER_CONNECTION		64
 
 #define HTTP_WRAPPER_HEADER_INIT    1
 #define HTTP_WRAPPER_REDIRECTED     2
@@ -386,8 +387,6 @@ php_stream *php_stream_url_wrap_http_ex(php_stream_wrapper *wrapper, const char
 		strlcat(scratch, " HTTP/", scratch_len);
 		strlcat(scratch, protocol_version, scratch_len);
 		strlcat(scratch, "\r\n", scratch_len);
-		efree(protocol_version);
-		protocol_version = NULL;
 	} else {
 		strlcat(scratch, " HTTP/1.0\r\n", scratch_len);
 	}
@@ -490,6 +489,11 @@ php_stream *php_stream_url_wrap_http_ex(php_stream_wrapper *wrapper, const char
 			                 *(s-1) == '\t' || *(s-1) == ' ')) {
 				 have_header |= HTTP_HEADER_TYPE;
 			}
+			if ((s = strstr(tmp, "connection:")) &&
+			    (s == tmp || *(s-1) == '\r' || *(s-1) == '\n' || 
+			                 *(s-1) == '\t' || *(s-1) == ' ')) {
+				 have_header |= HTTP_HEADER_CONNECTION;
+			}
 			/* remove Proxy-Authorization header */
 			if (use_proxy && use_ssl && (s = strstr(tmp, "proxy-authorization:")) &&
 			    (s == tmp || *(s-1) == '\r' || *(s-1) == '\n' || 
@@ -563,6 +567,16 @@ php_stream *php_stream_url_wrap_http_ex(php_stream_wrapper *wrapper, const char
 		}
 	}
 
+	/* Send a Connection: close header when using HTTP 1.1 or later to avoid
+	 * hanging when the server interprets the RFC literally and establishes a
+	 * keep-alive connection, unless the user specifically requests something
+	 * else by specifying a Connection header in the context options. */
+	if (protocol_version &&
+	    ((have_header & HTTP_HEADER_CONNECTION) == 0) &&
+	    (strncmp(protocol_version, "1.0", MIN(protocol_version_len, 3)) > 0)) {
+		php_stream_write_string(stream, "Connection: close\r\n");
+	}
+
 	if (context && 
 	    php_stream_context_get_option(context, "http", "user_agent", &ua_zval) == SUCCESS &&
 		Z_TYPE_PP(ua_zval) == IS_STRING) {

ext/standard/tests/http/bug65634.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+--TEST--
+Bug #65634 (HTTP wrapper is very slow with protocol_version 1.1)
+--INI--
+allow_url_fopen=1
+--SKIPIF--
+<?php require 'server.inc'; http_server_skipif('tcp://127.0.0.1:12342'); ?>
+--FILE--
+<?php
+require 'server.inc';
+
+function do_test($version, $connection) {
+    $options = [
+        'http' => [
+            'protocol_version' => $version,
+        ],
+    ];
+
+    if ($connection) {
+        $options['http']['header'] = "Connection: $connection";
+    }
+
+    $ctx = stream_context_create($options);
+
+    $responses = ["data://text/plain,HTTP/$version 204 No Content\r\n\r\n"];
+    $pid = http_server('tcp://127.0.0.1:12342', $responses, $output);
+
+    $fd = fopen('http://127.0.0.1:12342/', 'rb', false, $ctx);
+    fseek($output, 0, SEEK_SET);
+    echo stream_get_contents($output);
+
+    http_server_kill($pid);
+}
+
+echo "HTTP/1.0, default behaviour:\n";
+do_test('1.0', null);
+
+echo "HTTP/1.0, connection: close:\n";
+do_test('1.0', 'close');
+
+echo "HTTP/1.0, connection: keep-alive:\n";
+do_test('1.0', 'keep-alive');
+
+echo "HTTP/1.1, default behaviour:\n";
+do_test('1.1', null);
+
+echo "HTTP/1.1, connection: close:\n";
+do_test('1.1', 'close');
+
+echo "HTTP/1.1, connection: keep-alive:\n";
+do_test('1.1', 'keep-alive');
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+HTTP/1.0, default behaviour:
+GET / HTTP/1.0
+Host: 127.0.0.1:12342
+
+HTTP/1.0, connection: close:
+GET / HTTP/1.0
+Host: 127.0.0.1:12342
+Connection: close
+
+HTTP/1.0, connection: keep-alive:
+GET / HTTP/1.0
+Host: 127.0.0.1:12342
+Connection: keep-alive
+
+HTTP/1.1, default behaviour:
+GET / HTTP/1.1
+Host: 127.0.0.1:12342
+Connection: close
+
+HTTP/1.1, connection: close:
+GET / HTTP/1.1
+Host: 127.0.0.1:12342
+Connection: close
+
+HTTP/1.1, connection: keep-alive:
+GET / HTTP/1.1
+Host: 127.0.0.1:12342
+Connection: keep-alive
+