Merge branch 'main' of https://github.com/python/cpython into asyncio-zero-copy

Author: kumaraditya303

.github/CODEOWNERS

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Python/traceback.c            @iritkatriel
 /Lib/html/                    @ezio-melotti
 /Lib/_markupbase.py           @ezio-melotti
 /Lib/test/test_html*.py       @ezio-melotti
-/Tools/scripts/*html5*        @ezio-melotti
+/Tools/build/parse_html5_entities.py   @ezio-melotti
 
 # Import (including importlib).
 # Ignoring importlib.h so as to not get flagged on
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ Lib/ast.py                    @isidentical
 
 **/*idlelib*                  @terryjreedy
 
-**/*typing*                   @gvanrossum @Fidget-Spinner @JelleZijlstra
+**/*typing*                   @gvanrossum @Fidget-Spinner @JelleZijlstra @AlexWaygood
 
 **/*asyncore                  @giampaolo
 **/*asynchat                  @giampaolo

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ jobs:
         id: check
         run: |
           if [ -z "$GITHUB_BASE_REF" ]; then
-            echo '::set-output name=run_tests::true'
+            echo "run_tests=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           else
             git fetch origin $GITHUB_BASE_REF --depth=1
             # git diff "origin/$GITHUB_BASE_REF..." (3 dots) may be more
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ jobs:
             # into the PR branch anyway.
             #
             # https://github.com/python/core-workflow/issues/373
-            git diff --name-only origin/$GITHUB_BASE_REF.. | grep -qvE '(\.rst$|^Doc|^Misc)' && echo '::set-output name=run_tests::true' || true
+            git diff --name-only origin/$GITHUB_BASE_REF.. | grep -qvE '(\.rst$|^Doc|^Misc)' && echo "run_tests=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT || true
           fi
 
   check_generated_files:

.github/workflows/verify-ensurepip-wheels.yml

@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ on:
     paths:
       - 'Lib/ensurepip/_bundled/**'
       - '.github/workflows/verify-ensurepip-wheels.yml'
-      - 'Tools/scripts/verify_ensurepip_wheels.py'
+      - 'Tools/build/verify_ensurepip_wheels.py'
   pull_request:
     paths:
       - 'Lib/ensurepip/_bundled/**'
       - '.github/workflows/verify-ensurepip-wheels.yml'
-      - 'Tools/scripts/verify_ensurepip_wheels.py'
+      - 'Tools/build/verify_ensurepip_wheels.py'
 
 permissions:
   contents: read
@@ -29,4 +29,4 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: '3'
       - name: Compare checksums of bundled pip and setuptools to ones published on PyPI
-        run: ./Tools/scripts/verify_ensurepip_wheels.py
+        run: ./Tools/build/verify_ensurepip_wheels.py

.gitignore

@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ Tools/ssl/win32
 Tools/freeze/test/outdir
 
 # The frozen modules are always generated by the build so we don't
-# keep them in the repo.  Also see Tools/scripts/freeze_modules.py.
+# keep them in the repo.  Also see Tools/build/freeze_modules.py.
 Python/frozen_modules/*.h
 # The manifest can be generated at any time with "make regen-frozen".
 Python/frozen_modules/MANIFEST

Doc/c-api/init.rst

@@ -1933,7 +1933,7 @@ is not possible due to its implementation being opaque at build time.
 
    .. note::
       A freed key becomes a dangling pointer. You should reset the key to
-      `NULL`.
+      ``NULL``.
 
 
 Methods

Doc/c-api/refcounting.rst

@@ -11,6 +11,26 @@ The macros in this section are used for managing reference counts of Python
 objects.
 
 
+.. c:function:: Py_ssize_t Py_REFCNT(PyObject *o)
+
+   Get the reference count of the Python object *o*.
+
+   Use the :c:func:`Py_SET_REFCNT()` function to set an object reference count.
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 3.11
+      The parameter type is no longer :c:expr:`const PyObject*`.
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 3.10
+      :c:func:`Py_REFCNT()` is changed to the inline static function.
+
+
+.. c:function:: void Py_SET_REFCNT(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t refcnt)
+
+   Set the object *o* reference counter to *refcnt*.
+
+   .. versionadded:: 3.9
+
+
 .. c:function:: void Py_INCREF(PyObject *o)
 
    Increment the reference count for object *o*.

Doc/c-api/structures.rst

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ All Python objects ultimately share a small number of fields at the beginning
 of the object's representation in memory.  These are represented by the
 :c:type:`PyObject` and :c:type:`PyVarObject` types, which are defined, in turn,
 by the expansions of some macros also used, whether directly or indirectly, in
-the definition of all other Python objects.
+the definition of all other Python objects.  Additional macros can be found
+under :ref:`reference counting <countingrefs>`.
 
 
 .. c:type:: PyObject
@@ -121,26 +122,6 @@ the definition of all other Python objects.
    .. versionadded:: 3.9
 
 
-.. c:function:: Py_ssize_t Py_REFCNT(PyObject *o)
-
-   Get the reference count of the Python object *o*.
-
-   Use the :c:func:`Py_SET_REFCNT()` function to set an object reference count.
-
-   .. versionchanged:: 3.11
-      The parameter type is no longer :c:expr:`const PyObject*`.
-
-   .. versionchanged:: 3.10
-      :c:func:`Py_REFCNT()` is changed to the inline static function.
-
-
-.. c:function:: void Py_SET_REFCNT(PyObject *o, Py_ssize_t refcnt)
-
-   Set the object *o* reference counter to *refcnt*.
-
-   .. versionadded:: 3.9
-
-
 .. c:function:: Py_ssize_t Py_SIZE(PyVarObject *o)
 
    Get the size of the Python object *o*.

Doc/c-api/tuple.rst

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ Tuple Objects
 
    Return the slice of the tuple pointed to by *p* between *low* and *high*,
    or ``NULL`` on failure.  This is the equivalent of the Python expression
-   ``p[low:high]``.  Indexing from the end of the list is not supported.
+   ``p[low:high]``.  Indexing from the end of the tuple is not supported.
 
 
 .. c:function:: int PyTuple_SetItem(PyObject *p, Py_ssize_t pos, PyObject *o)

Doc/c-api/type.rst

@@ -57,6 +57,55 @@ Type Objects
    modification of the attributes or base classes of the type.
 
 
+.. c:function:: int PyType_AddWatcher(PyType_WatchCallback callback)
+
+   Register *callback* as a type watcher. Return a non-negative integer ID
+   which must be passed to future calls to :c:func:`PyType_Watch`. In case of
+   error (e.g. no more watcher IDs available), return ``-1`` and set an
+   exception.
+
+   .. versionadded:: 3.12
+
+
+.. c:function:: int PyType_ClearWatcher(int watcher_id)
+
+   Clear watcher identified by *watcher_id* (previously returned from
+   :c:func:`PyType_AddWatcher`). Return ``0`` on success, ``-1`` on error (e.g.
+   if *watcher_id* was never registered.)
+
+   An extension should never call ``PyType_ClearWatcher`` with a *watcher_id*
+   that was not returned to it by a previous call to
+   :c:func:`PyType_AddWatcher`.
+
+   .. versionadded:: 3.12
+
+
+.. c:function:: int PyType_Watch(int watcher_id, PyObject *type)
+
+   Mark *type* as watched. The callback granted *watcher_id* by
+   :c:func:`PyType_AddWatcher` will be called whenever
+   :c:func:`PyType_Modified` reports a change to *type*. (The callback may be
+   called only once for a series of consecutive modifications to *type*, if
+   :c:func:`PyType_Lookup` is not called on *type* between the modifications;
+   this is an implementation detail and subject to change.)
+
+   An extension should never call ``PyType_Watch`` with a *watcher_id* that was
+   not returned to it by a previous call to :c:func:`PyType_AddWatcher`.
+
+   .. versionadded:: 3.12
+
+
+.. c:type:: int (*PyType_WatchCallback)(PyObject *type)
+
+   Type of a type-watcher callback function.
+
+   The callback must not modify *type* or cause :c:func:`PyType_Modified` to be
+   called on *type* or any type in its MRO; violating this rule could cause
+   infinite recursion.
+
+   .. versionadded:: 3.12
+
+
 .. c:function:: int PyType_HasFeature(PyTypeObject *o, int feature)
 
    Return non-zero if the type object *o* sets the feature *feature*.