Update on "Use c10 version of half/bfloat16 in executorch"

Accomplished by importing relevant files from c10 into
executorch/runtime/core/portable_type/c10, and then using `using` in
the top-level ExecuTorch headers. This approach should keep the
ExecuTorch build hermetic for embedded use cases. In the future, we
should add a CI job to ensure the c10 files stay identical to the
PyTorch ones.

Differential Revision: [D66106969](https://our.internmc.facebook.com/intern/diff/D66106969/)

[ghstack-poisoned]

Author: swolchok