Make extern blocks without unsafe warn in edition 2024

Author: spastorino

compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/ast_validation.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxIndexMap;
 use rustc_feature::Features;
 use rustc_parse::validate_attr;
 use rustc_session::lint::builtin::{
-    DEPRECATED_WHERE_CLAUSE_LOCATION, MISSING_ABI, PATTERNS_IN_FNS_WITHOUT_BODY,
+    DEPRECATED_WHERE_CLAUSE_LOCATION, MISSING_ABI, MISSING_UNSAFE_ON_EXTERN,
+    PATTERNS_IN_FNS_WITHOUT_BODY,
 };
 use rustc_session::lint::{BuiltinLintDiag, LintBuffer};
 use rustc_session::Session;
@@ -1016,12 +1017,22 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for AstValidator<'a> {
                 walk_list!(self, visit_attribute, &item.attrs);
                 return; // Avoid visiting again.
             }
-            ItemKind::ForeignMod(ForeignMod { abi, .. }) => {
+            ItemKind::ForeignMod(ForeignMod { abi, safety, .. }) => {
                 let old_item = mem::replace(&mut self.extern_mod, Some(item));
                 self.visibility_not_permitted(
                     &item.vis,
                     errors::VisibilityNotPermittedNote::IndividualForeignItems,
                 );
+
+                if &Safety::Default == safety {
+                    self.lint_buffer.buffer_lint(
+                        MISSING_UNSAFE_ON_EXTERN,
+                        item.id,
+                        item.span,
+                        BuiltinLintDiag::MissingUnsafeOnExtern,
+                    );
+                }
+
                 if abi.is_none() {
                     self.maybe_lint_missing_abi(item.span, item.id);
                 }

compiler/rustc_lint/messages.ftl

@@ -462,6 +462,8 @@ lint_metavariable_wrong_operator = meta-variable repeats with different Kleene o
 
 lint_missing_fragment_specifier = missing fragment specifier
 
+lint_missing_unsafe_on_extern = extern blocks should be unsafe
+
 lint_mixed_script_confusables =
     the usage of Script Group `{$set}` in this crate consists solely of mixed script confusables
     .includes_note = the usage includes {$includes}

compiler/rustc_lint/src/context/diagnostics.rs

@@ -205,6 +205,9 @@ pub(super) fn decorate_lint(sess: &Session, diagnostic: BuiltinLintDiag, diag: &
             };
             lints::DeprecatedWhereClauseLocation { suggestion }.decorate_lint(diag);
         }
+        BuiltinLintDiag::MissingUnsafeOnExtern => {
+            lints::MissingUnsafeOnExtern.decorate_lint(diag);
+        }
         BuiltinLintDiag::SingleUseLifetime {
             param_span,
             use_span: Some((use_span, elide)),

compiler/rustc_lint/src/lints.rs

@@ -2738,6 +2738,10 @@ pub enum DeprecatedWhereClauseLocationSugg {
     },
 }
 
+#[derive(LintDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(lint_missing_unsafe_on_extern)]
+pub struct MissingUnsafeOnExtern;
+
 #[derive(LintDiagnostic)]
 #[diag(lint_single_use_lifetime)]
 pub struct SingleUseLifetime {

compiler/rustc_lint_defs/src/builtin.rs

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ declare_lint_pass! {
         META_VARIABLE_MISUSE,
         MISSING_ABI,
         MISSING_FRAGMENT_SPECIFIER,
+        MISSING_UNSAFE_ON_EXTERN,
         MUST_NOT_SUSPEND,
         NAMED_ARGUMENTS_USED_POSITIONALLY,
         NEVER_TYPE_FALLBACK_FLOWING_INTO_UNSAFE,
@@ -4851,3 +4852,33 @@ declare_lint! {
         reference: "issue #27970 <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/27970>",
     };
 }
+
+declare_lint! {
+    /// The `missing_unsafe_on_extern` lint detects missing unsafe keyword on extern declarations.
+    ///
+    /// ### Example
+    ///
+    /// ```rust,edition2024
+    /// extern "C" {
+    ///     fn foo(_: i32);
+    /// }
+    ///
+    /// fn main() {}
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// {{produces}}
+    ///
+    /// ### Explanation
+    ///
+    /// Declaring extern items, even without ever using them, can cause Undefined Behavior. We
+    /// should consider all sources of Undefined Behavior to be unsafe.
+    ///
+    /// This is a [future-incompatible] lint to transition this to a
+    /// hard error in the future.
+    ///
+    /// [future-incompatible]: ../index.md#future-incompatible-lints
+    pub MISSING_UNSAFE_ON_EXTERN,
+    Allow,
+    "detects missing unsafe keyword on extern declarations",
+    @edition Edition2024 => Warn;
+}

compiler/rustc_lint_defs/src/lib.rs

@@ -630,6 +630,7 @@ pub enum BuiltinLintDiag {
     UnexpectedCfgName((Symbol, Span), Option<(Symbol, Span)>),
     UnexpectedCfgValue((Symbol, Span), Option<(Symbol, Span)>),
     DeprecatedWhereclauseLocation(Span, Option<(Span, String)>),
+    MissingUnsafeOnExtern,
     SingleUseLifetime {
         /// Span of the parameter which declares this lifetime.
         param_span: Span,

tests/ui/rust-2024/unsafe-extern-blocks/extern-items.edition2024.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+warning: extern blocks should be unsafe
+  --> $DIR/extern-items.rs:7:1
+   |
+LL | / extern "C" {
+LL | |
+LL | |     static TEST1: i32;
+LL | |     fn test1(i: i32);
+LL | | }
+   | |_^
+   |
+   = note: `#[warn(missing_unsafe_on_extern)]` on by default
+
+warning: 1 warning emitted
+

tests/ui/rust-2024/unsafe-extern-blocks/extern-items.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
-//@ build-pass
+//@ revisions: edition2021 edition2024
+//@[edition2021] edition:2021
+//@[edition2024] edition:2024
+//@[edition2024] compile-flags: -Zunstable-options
+//@ check-pass
 
 extern "C" {
+    //[edition2024]~^ WARN extern blocks should be unsafe [missing_unsafe_on_extern]
     static TEST1: i32;
     fn test1(i: i32);
 }

tests/ui/unpretty/expanded-exhaustive.rs

@@ -473,8 +473,8 @@ mod items {
 
     /// ItemKind::ForeignMod
     mod item_foreign_mod {
-        extern "C++" {}
-        extern {}
+        unsafe extern "C++" {}
+        unsafe extern {}
     }
 
     /// ItemKind::GlobalAsm

tests/ui/unpretty/expanded-exhaustive.stdout

@@ -451,8 +451,8 @@ mod items {
     mod item_mod { }
     /// ItemKind::ForeignMod
     mod item_foreign_mod {
-        extern "C++" {}
-        extern {}
+        unsafe extern "C++" {}
+        unsafe extern {}
     }
     /// ItemKind::GlobalAsm
     mod item_global_asm {