Extended elaboration for trait aliases to include arbitrary bounds.

Author: Alexander Regueiro

src/librustc/traits/select.rs

@@ -1635,7 +1635,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx> {
             ambiguous: false,
         };
 
-        self.assemble_candidates_for_alias(obligation, &mut candidates)?;
+        self.assemble_candidates_for_trait_alias(obligation, &mut candidates)?;
 
         // Other bounds. Consider both in-scope bounds from fn decl
         // and applicable impls. There is a certain set of precedence rules here.
@@ -2255,14 +2255,14 @@ impl<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx> {
         }
     }
 
-    fn assemble_candidates_for_alias(
+    fn assemble_candidates_for_trait_alias(
         &mut self,
         obligation: &TraitObligation<'tcx>,
         candidates: &mut SelectionCandidateSet<'tcx>,
     ) -> Result<(), SelectionError<'tcx>> {
         // OK to skip binder here because the tests we do below do not involve bound regions
         let self_ty = *obligation.self_ty().skip_binder();
-        debug!("assemble_candidates_for_alias(self_ty={:?})", self_ty);
+        debug!("assemble_candidates_for_trait_alias(self_ty={:?})", self_ty);
 
         let def_id = obligation.predicate.def_id();
 
@@ -2907,7 +2907,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx> {
         self.vtable_auto_impl(obligation, trait_def_id, types)
     }
 
-    /// See `confirm_auto_impl_candidate`
+    /// See `confirm_auto_impl_candidate`.
     fn vtable_auto_impl(
         &mut self,
         obligation: &TraitObligation<'tcx>,
@@ -2964,7 +2964,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'gcx, 'tcx> {
         // this time not in a probe.
         self.in_snapshot(|this, snapshot| {
             let (substs, placeholder_map) = this.rematch_impl(impl_def_id, obligation, snapshot);
-            debug!("confirm_impl_candidate substs={:?}", substs);
+            debug!("confirm_impl_candidate: substs={:?}", substs);
             let cause = obligation.derived_cause(ImplDerivedObligation);
             this.vtable_impl(
                 impl_def_id,

src/librustc/traits/util.rs

@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ impl<I> FilterToTraits<I> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<'tcx,I:Iterator<Item=ty::Predicate<'tcx>>> Iterator for FilterToTraits<I> {
+impl<'tcx,I:Iterator<Item = ty::Predicate<'tcx>>> Iterator for FilterToTraits<I> {
     type Item = ty::PolyTraitRef<'tcx>;
 
     fn next(&mut self) -> Option<ty::PolyTraitRef<'tcx>> {

src/librustc/ty/mod.rs

@@ -1051,24 +1051,24 @@ pub enum Predicate<'tcx> {
     /// would be the type parameters.
     Trait(PolyTraitPredicate<'tcx>),
 
-    /// where 'a : 'b
+    /// where `'a : 'b`
     RegionOutlives(PolyRegionOutlivesPredicate<'tcx>),
 
-    /// where T : 'a
+    /// where `T : 'a`
     TypeOutlives(PolyTypeOutlivesPredicate<'tcx>),
 
-    /// where <T as TraitRef>::Name == X, approximately.
-    /// See `ProjectionPredicate` struct for details.
+    /// where `<T as TraitRef>::Name == X`, approximately.
+    /// See the `ProjectionPredicate` struct for details.
     Projection(PolyProjectionPredicate<'tcx>),
 
-    /// no syntax: T WF
+    /// no syntax: `T` well-formed
     WellFormed(Ty<'tcx>),
 
     /// trait must be object-safe
     ObjectSafe(DefId),
 
     /// No direct syntax. May be thought of as `where T : FnFoo<...>`
-    /// for some substitutions `...` and T being a closure type.
+    /// for some substitutions `...` and `T` being a closure type.
     /// Satisfied (or refuted) once we know the closure's kind.
     ClosureKind(DefId, ClosureSubsts<'tcx>, ClosureKind),
 

src/librustc/ty/util.rs

@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ impl<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx> TyCtxt<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx> {
         self.def_key(def_id).disambiguated_data.data == DefPathData::ClosureExpr
     }
 
-    /// True if `def_id` refers to a trait (e.g., `trait Foo { ... }`).
+    /// True if `def_id` refers to a trait (i.e., `trait Foo { ... }`).
     pub fn is_trait(self, def_id: DefId) -> bool {
         if let DefPathData::Trait(_) = self.def_key(def_id).disambiguated_data.data {
             true

src/librustc_passes/ast_validation.rs

@@ -403,25 +403,6 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for AstValidator<'a> {
                     }
                 }
             }
-            ItemKind::TraitAlias(Generics { ref params, .. }, ..) => {
-                for param in params {
-                    match param.kind {
-                        GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => {}
-                        GenericParamKind::Type { ref default, .. } => {
-                            if !param.bounds.is_empty() {
-                                self.err_handler()
-                                    .span_err(param.ident.span, "type parameters on the left \
-                                        side of a trait alias cannot be bounded");
-                            }
-                            if !default.is_none() {
-                                self.err_handler()
-                                    .span_err(param.ident.span, "type parameters on the left \
-                                        side of a trait alias cannot have defaults");
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
             ItemKind::Mod(_) => {
                 // Ensure that `path` attributes on modules are recorded as used (c.f. #35584).
                 attr::first_attr_value_str_by_name(&item.attrs, "path");

src/librustc_typeck/astconv.rs

@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ impl<'o, 'gcx: 'tcx, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'gcx, 'tcx>+'o {
     }
 
     /// Given the type/region arguments provided to some path (along with
-    /// an implicit Self, if this is a trait reference) returns the complete
+    /// an implicit `Self`, if this is a trait reference) returns the complete
     /// set of substitutions. This may involve applying defaulted type parameters.
     ///
     /// Note that the type listing given here is *exactly* what the user provided.
@@ -721,7 +721,7 @@ impl<'o, 'gcx: 'tcx, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'gcx, 'tcx>+'o {
     {
         let trait_def_id = self.trait_def_id(trait_ref);
 
-        debug!("ast_path_to_poly_trait_ref({:?}, def_id={:?})", trait_ref, trait_def_id);
+        debug!("instantiate_poly_trait_ref({:?}, def_id={:?})", trait_ref, trait_def_id);
 
         self.prohibit_generics(trait_ref.path.segments.split_last().unwrap().1);
 
@@ -738,11 +738,11 @@ impl<'o, 'gcx: 'tcx, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'gcx, 'tcx>+'o {
             let predicate: Result<_, ErrorReported> =
                 self.ast_type_binding_to_poly_projection_predicate(
                     trait_ref.ref_id, poly_trait_ref, binding, speculative, &mut dup_bindings);
-            // ok to ignore Err() because ErrorReported (see above)
+            // ok to ignore Err because ErrorReported (see above)
             Some((predicate.ok()?, binding.span))
         }));
 
-        debug!("ast_path_to_poly_trait_ref({:?}, projections={:?}) -> {:?}",
+        debug!("instantiate_poly_trait_ref({:?}, projections={:?}) -> {:?}",
                trait_ref, poly_projections, poly_trait_ref);
         poly_trait_ref
     }
@@ -1020,7 +1020,7 @@ impl<'o, 'gcx: 'tcx, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'gcx, 'tcx>+'o {
             return tcx.types.err;
         }
 
-        // use a btreeset to keep output in a more consistent order
+        // use a BTreeSet to keep output in a more consistent order
         let mut associated_types = BTreeSet::default();
 
         for tr in traits::supertraits(tcx, principal) {

src/librustc_typeck/collect.rs

@@ -245,8 +245,8 @@ fn type_param_predicates<'a, 'tcx>(
     use rustc::hir::*;
 
     // In the AST, bounds can derive from two places. Either
-    // written inline like `<T:Foo>` or in a where clause like
-    // `where T:Foo`.
+    // written inline like `<T : Foo>` or in a where clause like
+    // `where T : Foo`.
 
     let param_id = tcx.hir.as_local_node_id(def_id).unwrap();
     let param_owner = tcx.hir.ty_param_owner(param_id);
@@ -317,12 +317,12 @@ fn type_param_predicates<'a, 'tcx>(
     let icx = ItemCtxt::new(tcx, item_def_id);
     result
         .predicates
-        .extend(icx.type_parameter_bounds_in_generics(ast_generics, param_id, ty));
+        .extend(icx.type_parameter_bounds_in_generics(ast_generics, param_id, ty, true));
     result
 }
 
 impl<'a, 'tcx> ItemCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
-    /// Find bounds from hir::Generics. This requires scanning through the
+    /// Find bounds from `hir::Generics`. This requires scanning through the
     /// AST. We do this to avoid having to convert *all* the bounds, which
     /// would create artificial cycles. Instead we can only convert the
     /// bounds for a type parameter `X` if `X::Foo` is used.
@@ -331,6 +331,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> ItemCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         ast_generics: &hir::Generics,
         param_id: ast::NodeId,
         ty: Ty<'tcx>,
+        only_self_bounds: bool,
     ) -> Vec<(ty::Predicate<'tcx>, Span)> {
         let from_ty_params = ast_generics
             .params
@@ -350,9 +351,21 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> ItemCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                 hir::WherePredicate::BoundPredicate(ref bp) => Some(bp),
                 _ => None,
             })
-            .filter(|bp| is_param(self.tcx, &bp.bounded_ty, param_id))
-            .flat_map(|bp| bp.bounds.iter())
-            .flat_map(|b| predicates_from_bound(self, ty, b));
+            .flat_map(|bp| {
+                let bt = if is_param(self.tcx, &bp.bounded_ty, param_id) {
+                    Some(ty)
+                } else {
+                    if only_self_bounds {
+                        None
+                    } else {
+                        Some(self.to_ty(&bp.bounded_ty))
+                    }
+                };
+                bp.bounds.iter().filter_map(move |b| {
+                    if let Some(bt) = bt { Some((bt, b)) } else { None }
+                })
+            })
+            .flat_map(|(bt, b)| predicates_from_bound(self, bt, b));
 
         from_ty_params.chain(from_where_clauses).collect()
     }
@@ -690,22 +703,25 @@ fn super_predicates_of<'a, 'tcx>(
 
     let icx = ItemCtxt::new(tcx, trait_def_id);
 
-    // Convert the bounds that follow the colon, e.g. `Bar+Zed` in `trait Foo : Bar+Zed`.
+    // Convert the bounds that follow the colon, e.g. `Bar + Zed` in `trait Foo : Bar + Zed`.
     let self_param_ty = tcx.mk_self_type();
     let superbounds1 = compute_bounds(&icx, self_param_ty, bounds, SizedByDefault::No, item.span);
 
     let superbounds1 = superbounds1.predicates(tcx, self_param_ty);
 
     // Convert any explicit superbounds in the where clause,
     // e.g. `trait Foo where Self : Bar`:
-    let superbounds2 = icx.type_parameter_bounds_in_generics(generics, item.id, self_param_ty);
+    let is_trait_alias = ty::is_trait_alias(tcx, trait_def_id);
+    let superbounds2 = icx.type_parameter_bounds_in_generics(
+        generics, item.id, self_param_ty, !is_trait_alias);
 
     // Combine the two lists to form the complete set of superbounds:
     let superbounds: Vec<_> = superbounds1.into_iter().chain(superbounds2).collect();
 
     // Now require that immediate supertraits are converted,
     // which will, in turn, reach indirect supertraits.
     for &(pred, span) in &superbounds {
+        debug!("superbound: {:?}", pred);
         if let ty::Predicate::Trait(bound) = pred {
             tcx.at(span).super_predicates_of(bound.def_id());
         }
@@ -2007,10 +2023,10 @@ pub fn compute_bounds<'gcx: 'tcx, 'tcx>(
     }
 }
 
-/// Converts a specific GenericBound from the AST into a set of
+/// Converts a specific `GenericBound` from the AST into a set of
 /// predicates that apply to the self-type. A vector is returned
-/// because this can be anywhere from 0 predicates (`T:?Sized` adds no
-/// predicates) to 1 (`T:Foo`) to many (`T:Bar<X=i32>` adds `T:Bar`
+/// because this can be anywhere from zero predicates (`T : ?Sized` adds no
+/// predicates) to one (`T : Foo`) to many (`T : Bar<X=i32>` adds `T : Bar`
 /// and `<T as Bar>::X == i32`).
 fn predicates_from_bound<'tcx>(
     astconv: &dyn AstConv<'tcx, 'tcx>,

src/libsyntax/parse/parser.rs

@@ -1295,7 +1295,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
             self.check_keyword(keywords::Extern) && self.is_extern_non_path()
     }
 
-    /// parse a TyKind::BareFn type:
+    /// parse a `TyKind::BareFn` type:
     fn parse_ty_bare_fn(&mut self, generic_params: Vec<GenericParam>) -> PResult<'a, TyKind> {
         /*
 
@@ -5779,7 +5779,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
                              ast::ImplItemKind)> {
         // code copied from parse_macro_use_or_failure... abstraction!
         if let Some(mac) = self.parse_assoc_macro_invoc("impl", Some(vis), at_end)? {
-            // Method macro.
+            // method macro
             Ok((keywords::Invalid.ident(), vec![], ast::Generics::default(),
                 ast::ImplItemKind::Macro(mac)))
         } else {
@@ -6792,11 +6792,11 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
         Ok(self.mk_item(lo.to(prev_span), invalid, ItemKind::ForeignMod(m), visibility, attrs))
     }
 
-    /// Parse type Foo = Bar;
+    /// Parse `type Foo = Bar;`
     /// or
-    /// existential type Foo: Bar;
+    /// `existential type Foo: Bar;`
     /// or
-    /// return None without modifying the parser state
+    /// `return None` without modifying the parser state
     fn eat_type(&mut self) -> Option<PResult<'a, (Ident, AliasKind, ast::Generics)>> {
         // This parses the grammar:
         //     Ident ["<"...">"] ["where" ...] ("=" | ":") Ty ";"

src/test/ui/traits/trait-alias-fail1.rs

@@ -8,13 +8,14 @@
 // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
 // except according to those terms.
 
-// gate-test-trait_alias
+#![feature(trait_alias)]
 
 trait CloneDefault<T> = Default where T: Clone;
 trait BoundedAlias<T: Clone = ()> = Default;
 
-trait A<T: Send> {}
-trait B<T> = A<T>; // FIXME: parameter T should need a bound here, or semantics should be changed
+trait Foo {}
+trait A<T: Foo> {}
+trait B<T> = A<T>; // T cannot be unbounded
 
 impl CloneDefault for () {}
 

src/test/ui/traits/trait-alias-fail1.stderr

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ LL | trait BoundedAlias<T: Clone = ()> = Default;
 error[E0658]: trait aliases are experimental (see issue #41517)
   --> $DIR/trait-alias-fail1.rs:17:1
    |
-LL | trait B<T> = A<T>; // FIXME: this should not work... or should it?
+LL | trait B<T> = A<T>; // FIXME: parameter T should need a bound here, or semantics should be changed
    | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    |
    = help: add #![feature(trait_alias)] to the crate attributes to enable

src/test/ui/traits/trait-alias-fail2.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
 // except according to those terms.
 
-// gate-test-trait_alias
+#![feature(trait_alias)]
 
 trait EqAlias = Eq;
 trait IteratorAlias = Iterator;