Merge pull request #1 from brson/master

TWiR 56 - 2014-11-10

Author: emberian

.gitignore

@@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ lib
 include
 themes
 output
+*~

README.md

@@ -13,21 +13,20 @@ for pr in $(xsel -ob); do firefox https://github.com/mozilla/rust/pull/$pr; slee
 # write TWIR
 ```
 
-## How I get new contributors: 
+Alternately use GitHub search:
 
-  new_contribs.sh 6/21/2014 > ~/entropy/newbies.txt
+```
+https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pulls?q=is%3Apr+is%3Amerged+updated%3A2014-11-03..2014-11-10
+```
+
+## How I get new contributors:
+
+Use the included `new_contribs.sh` script:
 
-Where `new_contribs.sh` is:
+  new_contribs.sh 6/21/2014
 
-```sh
-#!/usr/bin/sh                     
+## Building
 
-INITIAL_COMMIT=c01efc6
-START_COMMIT=`git log --before="$1" --author=bors --pretty=format:%H|head -n1`
-ALL_NAMES=`git log $INITIAL_COMMIT.. --pretty=format:%an|sort|uniq`
-OLD_NAMES=`git log $INITIAL_COMMIT..$START_COMMIT --pretty=format:%an|sort|uniq`
-echo "$OLD_NAMES">names_old.txt
-echo "$ALL_NAMES">names_all.txt
-diff names_old.txt names_all.txt
-rm names_old.txt names_all.txt
 ```
+pelican content -s pelicanconf.py
+```

content/2014-11-10-this-week-in-rust.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+Title: This Week in Rust 56
+Date: 2014-11-10
+Category: This Week in Rust
+
+Hello and welcome to another issue of *This Week in Rust*!
+[Rust](http://rust-lang.org) is a systems language pursuing the trifecta:
+safe, concurrent, and fast. This is a weekly summary of its progress and
+community. Want something mentioned? [Send me an
+email!](mailto:[email protected]?subject=This%20Week%20in%20Rust%20Suggestion)
+Want to get involved? [We love
+contributions](https://github.com/mozilla/rust/wiki/Note-guide-for-new-contributors).
+
+# What's cooking on master?
+
+101 pull requests were [merged in the last week][1]. Woo!
+
+[1]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pulls?q=is%3Apr+is%3Amerged+updated%3A2014-11-03..2014-11-10
+
+## Breaking Changes
+
+* [Flexible target specification][flex] has finally landed. This makes
+  it much easier to create custom toolchains for unsupported
+  platforms. [RFC][flex-rfc].
+* [Error interoperation][err] improves the ergonomics of error
+  handling when multiple error types are involved. [RFC][err-rfc].
+* The `rtio` abstraction layer that supported I/O on green threads
+  [has been removed][rtio]. [RFC][rtio-rfc].
+* There has been a minor breaking change to the [serialization of
+  tuples][tup].
+* Minor [changes to macro interpolation][mac] have resulted the
+  removal the `$foo:matchers` type of `macro_rules!` argument.
+* Socket construction is now more flexibly done through a
+  [ToSocketAddr] type.
+* Some changes have been made to the [BytesContainer], which is used
+  to construct `Path`s, causing breakage is some cases.
+* The comparision types have been [updated for DST][cmp], resulting in
+  changes to how they are invoked for references to unsized types
+  (i.e. `&str` and `&[T]`).
+* As part of the recent [collections overhaul][coll-rfc], the prelude
+  now contains a [repeat] function that returns an iterator that
+  repeatedly yields the same value.
+* Some changes to make [overloaded operators][ops] behave more
+  consistently will cause some previous code to break.
+* The collections crate has seen [major refactorings][coll1] and
+  [updates][coll2] as part of the [collections
+  overhaul][coll-rfc]. There was additional discussion about the
+  impact on [reddit][coll-reddit].
+* The json crate [works with string slices instead of strings][json],
+  and now overloads the index operator.
+* A number of prelude traits have been [renamed and consolidated][pre]
+  as fallout from DST and to conform to new [conventions]. This should
+  not break much code as these traits are rarely named explicitly.
+* The rlibc crate, which provides a few libc functions expected to
+  exist by LLVM's code generation, and is only useful for freestanding
+  Rust projects, has been [moved out of the main rust
+  distribution][rlibc], and now must be [installed via
+  cargo][rlibc-cargo].
+
+[flex]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/16156
+[flex-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0131-target-specification.md
+[err]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/17753
+[err-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0201-error-chaining.md
+[tup]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/17595
+[mac]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/17830
+[ToSocketAddr]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18462
+[BytesContainer]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18463
+[cmp]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18467
+[coll1]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18519
+[coll2]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18605
+[coll-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0235-collections-conventions.md
+[coll-reddit]: https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2ljfnd/warning_some_collection_methods_have_had_their/
+[repeat]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18468
+[ops]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18486
+[json]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18544
+[pre]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18559
+[rlibc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18625
+[rlibc-cargo]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rlibc
+[rtio]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18557
+[rtio-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0230-remove-runtime.md
+
+## Other Changes
+
+* New [blanket impls] of the unboxed closure types allow them to
+  interoperate.  See
+  [test](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/master/src/test/run-pass/unboxed-closures-fn-as-fnmut-and-fnonce.rs)
+  [cases](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/master/src/test/run-pass/unboxed-closures-fnmut-as-fnonce.rs)
+  for examples.
+* impls can now be [defined on trait objects][impltrait].
+* P1start has been [converting][help] compiler messages that provide
+  suggestions from 'notes' to 'help' messages.
+* The ['exceeding_bitshifts'][bitshift] lint catches overlong shifts
+  (which are currently undefined behavior) of static size. Due to
+  [bugs][bitshift-bugs] it is set to 'allow' be default.
+* Ariel [removed][unsafe-rustc] a bunch of unsafe code from the
+  compiler. Yay!
+* A new `-l` [flag] to the compiler has been added to specify linkage
+  to native libraries, primarily for use by cargo. In the same PR,
+  `include!` was updated to expand its arguments, allowing cargo to do
+  for more complex compile-time code generation. [RFC][flag-rfc].
+* `#![cfg]` and `#[cfg_attr]` [can be applied to crates][cfg].
+* On x86 Linux, random number generation now [prefers] the new
+  [`getrandom`] syscall.
+
+[blanket impls]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18388
+[impltrait]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18447
+[help]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18132
+[bitshift]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18206
+[bitshift-bugs]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18593
+[unsafe-rustc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18318
+[flag]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18470
+[flag-rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0403-cargo-build-command.md
+[cfg]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18634
+[prefers]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/18664
+[getrandom]: http://lwn.net/Articles/606141/
+
+## New Contributors
+
+* Cristi Burcă
+* juxiliary
+* Nathan Zadoks
+* qwitwa
+* Sean Jensen-Grey
+* Subhash Bhushan
+* thiagopnts
+* tshakah
+* Vitali Haravy
+* Vladimir Matveev
+* whataloadofwhat
+
+# Approved RFC's
+* [Num reform](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0418-struct-variants.md): Strips down `std::num` to minimally support generic primitive numbers, without supporting a full mathematical hierarchy.
+* [Higher-ranked trait bounds](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0387-higher-ranked-trait-bounds.md): Add the ability to have trait bounds that are polymorphic over lifetimes. Necessary for unboxed closures.
+* [un-feature-gating struct variants](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0418-struct-variants.md): Woo!
+* [Multiple lifetime bounds](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0192-bounds-on-object-and-generic-types.md): Removes special cases from the type system and allows more complex lifetime relationships to be expressed that were previously only inferable.
+
+
+
+# New RFC's
+* [Macro reform](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/453): Prepares macros for 1.0 stabilization. Renames `macro_rules!` to `macro!`, and introduces more robust support for module importing and exporting.
+* [Change integer fallback RFC to suggest `i32` instead of `int` as the fallback](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/452): Changes the fallback for performance and portability. 
+* [Un-feature-gate if let and tuple indexing](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/450): The features are well-behaved and used by many projects; ship 'em!
+* [Prohibit unused type parameters in impls](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/453): Require that every impl type parameter appears textually within the input type parameters of the trait reference or the impl self type.
+* [ES6-style unicode string escaping](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/446): Remove `\u203D` and `\U0001F4A9` unicode string escapes, and add ECMAScript 6-style `\u{1F4A9}` escapes instead. Strong positive feedback, some concern with how it interacts with format strings.
+* [extension trait conventions](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/445): Establishes a definition and naming convention for extension traits: traits which aren't intended for generic programing, but instead extending existing types. If extending a `Foo`, use `FooExt`. If Extending a `Foo` when it impls another trait like `Add`, use `FooAddExt`. 
+* [cmp and ops reform](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/439): Refactors `Cmp` and the operator overloading traits. Generally positive feedback. Highlights include:
+    * Make basic unary and binary operators work by value and use associated types.
+    * Generalize comparison operators to work across different types; drop Equiv.
+    * Refactor slice notation in favor of range notation so that special traits are no longer needed.
+    * Add IndexSet to better support maps.
+    * Clarify ownership semantics throughout.
+* [Change precedence of `+` in type grammar](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/438): Update type grammar to make `+` have lower precedence, consistent with the expression grammar, resolving a grammatical ambiguity.
+* [Relocate and improve c_str](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/435): 
+    * Move the c_str module out of std to rid the latter of type dependencies on libc.
+    * Split the current CString into a low-level type CStrBuf and a length-aware CString to make computation costs explicit.
+    * Provide custom destructors and purpose-specific, mnemonically named constructors.
+    * Add some methods and trait implementations to make the types more useful.
+    * Remove the Clone implementation due to lack of purpose.
+* [rename `lifetime` to `scope`](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/431): Highly controversial. Some community members argue that this change in terminology has been much more effective when introducing the actual concepts to newbies. Others argue that scope is already a well established concept in programming languages.
+* [Finalizing more naming conventions](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/430): finalizes a few long-running de facto conventions, including capitalization/underscores, and the role of the unwrap method. Generally positive feedback, some discussion of naming consts like enum variants.
+* [Reserve macro identifiers](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/456): Preemptively reserve a class of $ identifiers for allowing backwards compatible improvements to the macro system.
+
+
+# Community
+
+## From the Team
+
+* [Weekly-meetings/2014-11-04 (macros; multiple lifetime bounds; macro invocation syntax; higher-ranked trait bounds; pub trait methods; out-of-sync nightlies; struct variants; numerics)](https://github.com/rust-lang/meeting-minutes/blob/master/weekly-meetings/2014-11-04.md)
+    * [Discuss](https://github.com/rust-lang/meeting-minutes/blob/master/weekly-meetings/2014-11-04.md)
+    * [Reddit](http://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2lrt7b/weeklymeetings20141104_macros_multiple_lifetime/)
+* [Weekly-meetings/2014-10-30 (error conventions; cargo; namespaced enums; trait-based error handling; macro unification; coercions; dynamic linking, byte literals, failing dtors)](https://github.com/rust-lang/meeting-minutes/blob/master/weekly-meetings/2014-10-30.md)
+    * [Discuss](http://discuss.rust-lang.org/t/weekly-meetings-2014-10-30-error-conventions-cargo-namespaced-enums-trait-based-error-handling-macro-unification-coercions-dynamic-linking-byte-literals-failing-dtors/734)
+    * [Reddit](http://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2kuppu/weeklymeetings20141030_error_conventions_cargo/)
+* [IRC notifications now going to #rust-bots](http://discuss.rust-lang.org/t/irc-notifications-now-going-to-rust-bots/735): If you have a bot you'd like to post here (which would be awesome!) please add a description and contact to [the wiki page](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/wiki/IRC-notifications-channel).
+
+## Videos
+
+* [An introduction to Servo](https://air.mozilla.org/an-introduction-to-servo/): Lars Bergstrom from the Research team provides an overview of the Servo project, demonstrates its current status, and shows how to contribute to it.
+* [November's Bay Area meetup](https://air.mozilla.org/bay-area-rust-meetup-november-2014/) happened
+  on Thursday, featuring five presentations about Servo and browser architecture.
+
+## Blog Posts
+
+* [This Week In Servo (10)](http://blog.servo.org/2014/11/04/twis-10/).
+* [Rewriting Rust Serialization, Part 2: Performance](http://erickt.github.io/blog/2014/11/03/performance/): A quick look at how Rust's JSON serialization performance compares to other languages and protocols.
+* [Improved Error Handling in Rust](http://lucumr.pocoo.org/2014/11/6/error-handling-in-rust/): Some discussion of how Rust currently and theoretically handles erroes.
+* [Don't Panic! The Hitchhiker's Guide to Unwinding](http://lucumr.pocoo.org/2014/10/30/dont-panic/): A nice discussion of the challenges of safe and ergonomic error handling, and how it relates to stack unwinding.
+* [Let's build a browser engine! Part 7: Painting 101](http://limpet.net/mbrubeck/2014/11/05/toy-layout-engine-7-painting.html): Part of a longer series on writing a browser engine in Rust. *In this article, I will add very basic painting code.*
+* [On pattern matching performance in Rust](http://www.cjqed.com/blog/rust-pattern-matching-performance/): A quick look at how the `match` statement can produce really efficient code.
+* [Rust and Go](https://medium.com/@adamhjk/rust-and-go-e18d511fbd95): A quick look at Rust and Go from the perspective of a sysadmin used to high-level programming languages. [Reddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2lmhpd/rust_and_go/). [Hacker News](http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8574184)
+* [Learning Rust](http://foon.uk/rust.html): *Inspired by Artyom's Learning Racket series, I've decided to log my efforts in learning Rust. I'm going to document my learning process as I go about trying to build a roguelike in Rust. I've downloaded the compiler, skimmed the getting started guide, and written “Hello World”. So let's get started!*
+
+
+
+
+## Discuss
+
+* [Pre-RFC: placement box with Placer
+  trait](http://discuss.rust-lang.org/t/pre-rfc-placement-box-with-placer-trait/729/6):
+  Add user-defined placement box expression (more succinctly, "a box
+  expression"), an operator analogous to "placement new" in C++. This
+  provides a way for a user to specify (1.) how the backing storage
+  for some datum should be allocated, (2.) that the allocation should
+  be ordered before the evaluation of the datum, and (3.) that the
+  datum should preferably be stored directly into the backing storage
+  (rather than temporary storage on the stack and then copying the
+  datum from the stack into the backing storage).
+* [Forbid -(unsigned integer)](http://discuss.rust-lang.org/t/forbid-unsigned-integer/752): the eternal struggle continues. It's super handy when you want it, but also a common error to make.
+* [Moving all built-in macros to plugins](http://discuss.rust-lang.org/t/moving-all-built-in-macros-to-plugins/737): Another proposal to handle some of the issues with macros for 1.0. May make it easier to bootstrap changes to the compiler. 
+* [Lifetime Notation](http://discuss.rust-lang.org/t/lifetime-notation/751): `&'a` -> `a&`. Some discussion of tradeoffs and details.
+* [Poll: `Foo::new()` vs `Foo()` as the default constructor](http://discuss.rust-lang.org/t/poll-foo-new-vs-foo-as-the-default-constructor/758/29)
+
+
+
+
+## Reddit
+
+* [Warning! Some collection methods have had their semantics changed transparently!](http://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2ljfnd/warning_some_collection_methods_have_had_their/)
+* [Error interoperation now available in the nightlies](https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2l98pn/error_interoperation_now_available_in_the/)
+* [Trait-based Exception handling RFC postponed until after 1.0](http://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2l8x2a/traitbased_exception_handling_rfc_postponed_till/)
+* [Cargo now supports build-scripts!](http://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2lgyne/cargo_now_support_build_scripts_xpost_rrust/)
+* [What libraries would you like to see implemented in Rust?](https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2lmt99/what_libraries_would_you_like_to_see_implemented/)  
+* [How good do you think the market for Rust developers will be 5 years from now, and in what area of programming?](http://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2l3l07/rust_is_undoubtedly_one_of_the_upandcoming_big/)
+* [I think Rust and I were made for each other](http://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2ljrp2/i_think_rust_and_i_were_meant_for_each_other/)
+* [How does the Rust community feel about FFI?](https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2lmkjw/how_does_the_rust_community_feel_about_ffi/)
+* [How do you refactor Rust code?](https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2lo21r/how_do_you_refactor_rust_code/)
+* [I may start contributing to Rust...can I get a few pointers?](http://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2lduv6/i_may_start_contributing_to_rustcan_i_get_a_few/)
+
+
+
+
+## New Projects
+
+* [this-week-in-rust](https://github.com/cmr/this-week-in-rust): This Week in Rust's content is now publicly hosted in a Github repo! If you find any errors, just submit a PR to the relevant markdown file in `/content`! If you'd like to help out, please contact cmr, brson, or Gankro on Github/Reddit/IRC.
+* [rustaceans.org](http://rustaceans.org/): *This website is for finding Rustaceans. Wondering who is behind that GitHub username or IRC nick? Here is where to find out.*
+* [rust-modifier](https://github.com/reem/rust-modifier): *Convenient chaining APIs for free*
+* [dockerfiles](https://github.com/schickling/dockerfiles): *Collection of lightweight and ready-to-use docker images* 
+* [Window Tiling For The Win](https://github.com/Kintaro/wtftw): *A tiling window manager written in Rust*
+* [cxx2rs](https://github.com/manuels/cxx2rs): *A rust-binding generator for C/C++ files*
+* [sorting-rs](https://github.com/wackywendell/sorting-rs): *This is a set of sorting algorithms, written in Rust.*
+* [rust-chatserver](https://github.com/BytePrelude/rust-chatserver): *A barebone command line TCP chatserver written in Rust*. [Looking for feedback](https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2lpsj8/tcp_chatserver_written_in_rust_looking_for/).
+* [rust-irc](https://github.com/viperscape/rust-irc): *A simple example irc implementation*. [Looking for feedback](https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/2lpw9k/rust_irc_example_looking_for_feedback/)
+* [rusqlite](https://github.com/jgallagher/rusqlite): *Ergonomic, semi-safe bindings to SQLite for Rust*
+
+
+## Upcoming Meetups
+
+* [Rust Bay Area: Cryptography and Rust, December 18th](http://www.meetup.com/Rust-Bay-Area/events/210632582/)
+