Merge pull request #62 from sir-gon/feature/ctci-array-left-rotation

[Hacker Rank] Interview Preparation Kit: Arrays: Left Rotation. Solve…

Author: sir-gon

algorithm-exercises-csharp-test/src/hackerrank/interview_preparation_kit/arrays/ArraysLeftRotation.Test.cs

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+namespace algorithm_exercises_csharp.hackerrank.interview_preparation_kit;
+
+[TestClass]
+public class ArraysLeftRotationTest
+{
+  public class ArraysLeftRotationTestCase
+  {
+    public List<int> input = []; public List<int> expected = [];
+  }
+
+  public class ArraysLeftRotationsTestCase
+  {
+    public List<int> input = []; public int d; public List<int> expected = [];
+  }
+
+  private static readonly ArraysLeftRotationTestCase[] tests = [
+    new() { input = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], expected = [2, 3, 4, 5, 1] },
+    new() { input = [2, 3, 4, 5, 1], expected = [3, 4, 5, 1, 2] },
+    new() { input = [3, 4, 5, 1, 2], expected = [4, 5, 1, 2, 3] },
+    new() { input = [4, 5, 1, 2, 3], expected = [5, 1, 2, 3, 4] },
+    new() { input = [5, 1, 2, 3, 4], expected = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] }
+  ];
+
+  private static readonly ArraysLeftRotationsTestCase[] testRotationsCases = [
+    new() { input = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], d = 4, expected = [5, 1, 2, 3, 4] }
+  ];
+
+  [TestMethod]
+  public void testRotLeftOne()
+  {
+    List<int> result;
+
+    foreach (ArraysLeftRotationTestCase test in tests)
+    {
+      result = ArraysLeftRotation.rotLeftOne(test.input);
+      CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(test.expected, result);
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  [TestMethod]
+  public void testRotLeft()
+  {
+    List<int> result;
+
+    foreach (ArraysLeftRotationsTestCase test in testRotationsCases)
+    {
+      result = ArraysLeftRotation.rotLeft(test.input, test.d);
+      CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(test.expected, result);
+    }
+  }
+}
+

algorithm-exercises-csharp/src/hackerrank/interview_preparation_kit/arrays/ArraysLeftRotation.cs

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+// @link Problem definition [[docs/hackerrank/projecteuler/euler001.md]]
+
+namespace algorithm_exercises_csharp.hackerrank.interview_preparation_kit;
+
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
+
+public class ArraysLeftRotation
+{
+  [ExcludeFromCodeCoverage]
+  protected ArraysLeftRotation() { }
+
+  public const int FIRST_POSITION = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * In favor of increasing performance, this implementation mutates the input list.
+   */
+  public static List<int> rotLeftOne(List<int> input)
+  {
+    int first = input[FIRST_POSITION];
+    input.RemoveAt(FIRST_POSITION);
+    input.Add(first);
+
+    return input;
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * This implementation does not mutate the input list.
+   */
+  public static List<int> rotLeft(List<int> input, int d)
+  {
+    // Clone the list
+    List<int> output = input.GetRange(FIRST_POSITION, input.Count);
+
+    int i = 1;
+    while (i <= d)
+    {
+      output = rotLeftOne(output);
+      i += 1;
+    }
+
+    return output;
+  }
+}

docs/hackerrank/interview_preparation_kit/arrays/ctci_array_left_rotation.md

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+# [Arrays: Left Rotation](https://www.hackerrank.com/challenges/ctci-array-left-rotation)
+
+Given an array and a number, d, perform d left rotations on the array.
+
+- Difficulty: #easy
+- Category: #ProblemSolvingBasic
+
+A left rotation operation on an array shifts each of the array's elements
+$ 1 $ unit to the left. For example, if $ 2 $ left rotations are performed
+on array $ [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] $, then the array would become $ [3, 4, 5, 1, 2] $.
+Note that the lowest index item moves to the highest index in a rotation.
+This is called a circular array.
+
+Given an array $ a $ of $ n $ integers and a number, $ d $, perform $ d $ left
+rotations on the array. Return the updated array to be printed as a single
+line of space-separated integers.
+
+## Function Description
+
+Complete the function rotLeft in the editor below.
+
+rotLeft has the following parameter(s):
+
+- int a[n]: the array to rotate
+- int d: the number of rotations
+
+## Returns
+
+- int a'[n]: the rotated array
+
+## Input Format
+
+The first line contains two space-separated integers $ n $ and $ d $, the size
+of $ a $ and the number of left rotations.
+The second line contains $ n $ space-separated integers, each an $ a[i] $.
+
+## Constraints
+
+- $ 1 \leq n \leq 10^5 $
+- $ 1 \leq d \leq n $
+- $ 1 \leq a[i] \leq 10^6 $
+
+## Sample Input
+
+```text
+5 4
+1 2 3 4 5
+```
+
+## Sample Output
+
+```text
+5 1 2 3 4
+```
+
+## Explanation
+
+When we perform $ d = 4 $ left rotations, the array undergoes the following
+sequence of changes:
+
+> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+> -> [2, 3, 4, 5, 1]
+> -> [3, 4, 5, 1, 2]
+> -> [4, 5, 1, 2, 3]
+> -> [5, 1, 2, 3, 4]