[Sema] Introduce BuiltinAttr, per-declaration builtin-ness

Instead of relying on whether a certain identifier is a builtin, introduce BuiltinAttr to specify a declaration as having builtin semantics.

This fixes incompatible redeclarations of builtins, as reverting the identifier as being builtin due to one incompatible redeclaration would have broken rest of the builtin calls.
Mostly-compatible redeclarations of builtins also no longer have builtin semantics. They don't call the builtin nor inherit their attributes.
A long-standing FIXME regarding builtins inside a namespace enclosed in extern "C" not being recognized is also addressed.

Due to the more correct handling attributes for builtin functions are added in more places, resulting in more useful warnings.
Tests are updated to reflect that.

Intrinsics without an inline definition in intrin.h had `inline` and `static` removed as they had no effect and caused them to no longer be recognized as builtins otherwise.

A pthread_create() related test is XFAIL-ed, as it relied on it being recognized as a builtin based on its name.
The builtin declaration syntax is too restrictive and doesn't allow custom structs, function pointers, etc.
It seems to be the only case and fixing this would require reworking the current builtin syntax, so this seems acceptable.

Fixes PR45410.

Reviewed By: rsmith, yutsumi

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D77491

Author: tambry

clang/include/clang/Basic/Attr.td

@@ -3444,3 +3444,11 @@ def ReleaseHandle : InheritableParamAttr {
   let Subjects = SubjectList<[ParmVar]>;
   let Documentation = [ReleaseHandleDocs];
 }
+
+def Builtin : InheritableAttr {
+  let Spellings = [];
+  let Args = [UnsignedArgument<"ID">];
+  let Subjects = SubjectList<[Function]>;
+  let SemaHandler = 0;
+  let Documentation = [Undocumented];
+}

clang/include/clang/Basic/Builtins.def

@@ -1017,6 +1017,7 @@ LIBBUILTIN(strncasecmp, "icC*cC*z", "f",   "strings.h", ALL_GNU_LANGUAGES)
 LIBBUILTIN(_exit, "vi",           "fr",    "unistd.h", ALL_GNU_LANGUAGES)
 LIBBUILTIN(vfork, "p",            "fj",    "unistd.h", ALL_LANGUAGES)
 // POSIX pthread.h
+// FIXME: Should specify argument types.
 LIBBUILTIN(pthread_create, "",  "fC<2,3>", "pthread.h", ALL_GNU_LANGUAGES)
 
 // POSIX setjmp.h

clang/include/clang/Basic/IdentifierTable.h

@@ -225,18 +225,6 @@ class alignas(IdentifierInfoAlignment) IdentifierInfo {
   }
   void setObjCKeywordID(tok::ObjCKeywordKind ID) { ObjCOrBuiltinID = ID; }
 
-  /// True if setNotBuiltin() was called.
-  bool hasRevertedBuiltin() const {
-    return ObjCOrBuiltinID == tok::NUM_OBJC_KEYWORDS;
-  }
-
-  /// Revert the identifier to a non-builtin identifier. We do this if
-  /// the name of a known builtin library function is used to declare that
-  /// function, but an unexpected type is specified.
-  void revertBuiltin() {
-    setBuiltinID(0);
-  }
-
   /// Return a value indicating whether this is a builtin function.
   ///
   /// 0 is not-built-in. 1+ are specific builtin functions.

clang/include/clang/Sema/Sema.h

@@ -3957,6 +3957,8 @@ class Sema final {
   ObjCInterfaceDecl *getObjCInterfaceDecl(IdentifierInfo *&Id,
                                           SourceLocation IdLoc,
                                           bool TypoCorrection = false);
+  FunctionDecl *CreateBuiltin(IdentifierInfo *II, QualType Type, unsigned ID,
+                              SourceLocation Loc);
   NamedDecl *LazilyCreateBuiltin(IdentifierInfo *II, unsigned ID,
                                  Scope *S, bool ForRedeclaration,
                                  SourceLocation Loc);

clang/lib/AST/Decl.cpp

@@ -3162,44 +3162,24 @@ FunctionDecl *FunctionDecl::getCanonicalDecl() { return getFirstDecl(); }
 /// functions as their wrapped builtins. This shouldn't be done in general, but
 /// it's useful in Sema to diagnose calls to wrappers based on their semantics.
 unsigned FunctionDecl::getBuiltinID(bool ConsiderWrapperFunctions) const {
-  unsigned BuiltinID;
+  unsigned BuiltinID = 0;
 
   if (const auto *ABAA = getAttr<ArmBuiltinAliasAttr>()) {
     BuiltinID = ABAA->getBuiltinName()->getBuiltinID();
-  } else {
-    if (!getIdentifier())
-      return 0;
-
-    BuiltinID = getIdentifier()->getBuiltinID();
+  } else if (const auto *A = getAttr<BuiltinAttr>()) {
+    BuiltinID = A->getID();
   }
 
   if (!BuiltinID)
     return 0;
 
-  ASTContext &Context = getASTContext();
-  if (Context.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus) {
-    const auto *LinkageDecl =
-        dyn_cast<LinkageSpecDecl>(getFirstDecl()->getDeclContext());
-    // In C++, the first declaration of a builtin is always inside an implicit
-    // extern "C".
-    // FIXME: A recognised library function may not be directly in an extern "C"
-    // declaration, for instance "extern "C" { namespace std { decl } }".
-    if (!LinkageDecl) {
-      if (BuiltinID == Builtin::BI__GetExceptionInfo &&
-          Context.getTargetInfo().getCXXABI().isMicrosoft())
-        return Builtin::BI__GetExceptionInfo;
-      return 0;
-    }
-    if (LinkageDecl->getLanguage() != LinkageSpecDecl::lang_c)
-      return 0;
-  }
-
   // If the function is marked "overloadable", it has a different mangled name
   // and is not the C library function.
   if (!ConsiderWrapperFunctions && hasAttr<OverloadableAttr>() &&
       !hasAttr<ArmBuiltinAliasAttr>())
     return 0;
 
+  ASTContext &Context = getASTContext();
   if (!Context.BuiltinInfo.isPredefinedLibFunction(BuiltinID))
     return BuiltinID;