Add implicit conversions and casts from T:Hashable <-> AnyHashable.

rdar://27615802

Author: rjmccall

include/swift/AST/Expr.h

@@ -3010,12 +3010,36 @@ class ErasureExpr : public ImplicitConversionExpr {
   ArrayRef<ProtocolConformanceRef> getConformances() const {
     return Conformances;
   }
-  
+
   static bool classof(const Expr *E) {
     return E->getKind() == ExprKind::Erasure;
   }
 };
 
+/// AnyHashableErasureExpr - Perform type erasure by converting a value
+/// to AnyHashable type.
+///
+/// The type of the sub-expression should always be a type that implements
+/// the Hashable protocol.
+class AnyHashableErasureExpr : public ImplicitConversionExpr {
+  ProtocolConformanceRef Conformance;
+
+public:
+  AnyHashableErasureExpr(Expr *subExpr, Type type,
+                         ProtocolConformanceRef conformance)
+    : ImplicitConversionExpr(ExprKind::AnyHashableErasure, subExpr, type),
+      Conformance(conformance) {}
+
+  /// \brief Retrieve the mapping specifying how the type of the
+  /// subexpression conforms to the Hashable protocol.
+  ProtocolConformanceRef getConformance() const {
+    return Conformance;
+  }
+  
+  static bool classof(const Expr *E) {
+    return E->getKind() == ExprKind::AnyHashableErasure;
+  }
+};
 /// UnresolvedSpecializeExpr - Represents an explicit specialization using
 /// a type parameter list (e.g. "Vector<Int>") that has not been resolved.
 class UnresolvedSpecializeExpr : public Expr {

include/swift/AST/ExprNodes.def

@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ ABSTRACT_EXPR(ImplicitConversion, Expr)
   EXPR(MetatypeConversion, ImplicitConversionExpr)
   EXPR(CollectionUpcastConversion, ImplicitConversionExpr)
   EXPR(Erasure, ImplicitConversionExpr)
+  EXPR(AnyHashableErasure, ImplicitConversionExpr)
   EXPR(DerivedToBase, ImplicitConversionExpr)
   EXPR(ArchetypeToSuper, ImplicitConversionExpr)
   EXPR(InjectIntoOptional, ImplicitConversionExpr)

include/swift/AST/KnownDecls.def

@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@ FUNC_DECL(ConditionallyBridgeFromObjectiveCBridgeable,
 FUNC_DECL(BridgeAnythingToObjectiveC,
           "_bridgeAnythingToObjectiveC")
 
+FUNC_DECL(ConvertToAnyHashable, "_convertToAnyHashable")
+
 FUNC_DECL(DidEnterMain, "_stdlib_didEnterMain")
 FUNC_DECL(DiagnoseUnexpectedNilOptional, "_diagnoseUnexpectedNilOptional")
 

include/swift/Runtime/Metadata.h

@@ -1980,6 +1980,10 @@ struct TargetValueMetadata : public TargetMetadata<Runtime> {
     return (asWords + Description->GenericParams.Offset);
   }
 
+  const TargetNominalTypeDescriptor<Runtime> *getDescription() const {
+    return Description.get();
+  }
+
   StoredPointer offsetToDescriptorOffset() const {
     return offsetof(TargetValueMetadata<Runtime>, Description);
   }

lib/AST/ASTDumper.cpp

@@ -1916,6 +1916,13 @@ class PrintExpr : public ExprVisitor<PrintExpr> {
     printRec(E->getSubExpr());
     OS << ')';
   }
+  void visitAnyHashableErasureExpr(AnyHashableErasureExpr *E) {
+    printCommon(E, "any_hashable_erasure_expr") << '\n';
+    printRec(E->getConformance());
+    OS << '\n';
+    printRec(E->getSubExpr());
+    OS << ')';
+  }
   void visitLoadExpr(LoadExpr *E) {
     printCommon(E, "load_expr") << '\n';
     printRec(E->getSubExpr());

lib/AST/ASTVerifier.cpp

@@ -1215,6 +1215,33 @@ struct ASTNodeBase {};
       verifyCheckedBase(E);
     }
 
+    void verifyChecked(AnyHashableErasureExpr *E) {
+      auto anyHashableDecl = Ctx.getAnyHashableDecl();
+      if (!anyHashableDecl) {
+        Out << "AnyHashable declaration could not be found\n";
+        abort();
+      }
+
+      auto hashableDecl = Ctx.getProtocol(KnownProtocolKind::Hashable);
+      if (!hashableDecl) {
+        Out << "Hashable declaration could not be found\n";
+        abort();
+      }
+
+      checkSameType(E->getType(), anyHashableDecl->getDeclaredType(),
+                    "AnyHashableErasureExpr and the standard AnyHashable type");
+
+      if (E->getConformance().getRequirement() != hashableDecl) {
+        Out << "conformance on AnyHashableErasureExpr was not for Hashable\n";
+        E->getConformance().dump();
+        abort();
+      }
+
+      verifyConformance(E->getSubExpr()->getType(), E->getConformance());
+
+      verifyCheckedBase(E);
+    }
+
     void verifyChecked(TupleElementExpr *E) {
       PrettyStackTraceExpr debugStack(Ctx, "verifying TupleElementExpr", E);
 
@@ -1795,6 +1822,32 @@ struct ASTNodeBase {};
       }      
     }
 
+    /// Verify that the given conformance makes sense for the given
+    /// type.
+    void verifyConformance(Type type, ProtocolConformanceRef conformance) {
+      if (conformance.isAbstract()) {
+        if (!type->is<ArchetypeType>() && !type->isAnyExistentialType()) {
+          Out << "type " << type
+              << " should not have an abstract conformance to "
+              << conformance.getRequirement()->getName();
+          abort();
+        }
+
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (type->getCanonicalType() !=
+            conformance.getConcrete()->getType()->getCanonicalType()) {
+        Out << "conforming type does not match conformance\n";
+        Out << "conforming type:\n";
+        type.dump(Out, 2);
+        Out << "\nconformance:\n";
+        conformance.getConcrete()->dump(Out, 2);
+        Out << "\n";
+        abort();
+      }
+    }
+
     /// Check the given explicit protocol conformance.
     void verifyConformance(Decl *decl, ProtocolConformance *conformance) {
       PrettyStackTraceDecl debugStack("verifying protocol conformance", decl);

lib/AST/Expr.cpp

@@ -462,6 +462,7 @@ ConcreteDeclRef Expr::getReferencedDecl() const {
   PASS_THROUGH_REFERENCE(MetatypeConversion, getSubExpr);
   PASS_THROUGH_REFERENCE(CollectionUpcastConversion, getSubExpr);
   PASS_THROUGH_REFERENCE(Erasure, getSubExpr);
+  PASS_THROUGH_REFERENCE(AnyHashableErasure, getSubExpr);
   PASS_THROUGH_REFERENCE(DerivedToBase, getSubExpr);
   PASS_THROUGH_REFERENCE(ArchetypeToSuper, getSubExpr);
   PASS_THROUGH_REFERENCE(InjectIntoOptional, getSubExpr);
@@ -754,6 +755,7 @@ bool Expr::canAppendCallParentheses() const {
   case ExprKind::MetatypeConversion:
   case ExprKind::CollectionUpcastConversion:
   case ExprKind::Erasure:
+  case ExprKind::AnyHashableErasure:
   case ExprKind::DerivedToBase:
   case ExprKind::ArchetypeToSuper:
   case ExprKind::InjectIntoOptional:

lib/SIL/DynamicCasts.cpp

@@ -173,6 +173,45 @@ classifyDynamicCastToProtocol(CanType source,
   return DynamicCastFeasibility::MaySucceed;
 }
 
+static DynamicCastFeasibility
+classifyDynamicCastFromProtocol(ModuleDecl *M, CanType source, CanType target,
+                                bool isWholeModuleOpts) {
+  assert(source.isExistentialType() &&
+         "source should be an existential type");
+
+  if (source == target)
+    return DynamicCastFeasibility::WillSucceed;
+
+  // Casts from class existential into a non-class can never succeed.
+  if (source->isClassExistentialType() &&
+      !target.isAnyExistentialType() &&
+      !target.getClassOrBoundGenericClass() &&
+      !isa<ArchetypeType>(target) &&
+      !mayBridgeToObjectiveC(M, target)) {
+    assert((target.getEnumOrBoundGenericEnum() ||
+            target.getStructOrBoundGenericStruct() ||
+            isa<TupleType>(target) ||
+            isa<SILFunctionType>(target) ||
+            isa<FunctionType>(target) ||
+            isa<MetatypeType>(target)) &&
+           "Target should be an enum, struct, tuple, metatype or function type");
+    return DynamicCastFeasibility::WillFail;
+  }
+
+  // TODO: maybe prove that certain conformances are impossible?
+
+  return DynamicCastFeasibility::MaySucceed;
+}
+
+/// Returns the existential type associated with the Hashable
+/// protocol, if it can be found.
+static CanType getHashableExistentialType(Module *M) {
+  auto hashable =
+    M->getASTContext().getProtocol(KnownProtocolKind::Hashable);
+  if (!hashable) return CanType();
+  return hashable->getDeclaredType()->getCanonicalType();
+}
+
 /// Check if a given type conforms to _BridgedToObjectiveC protocol.
 bool swift::isObjectiveCBridgeable(Module *M, CanType Ty) {
   // Retrieve the _BridgedToObjectiveC protocol.
@@ -263,21 +302,11 @@ swift::classifyDynamicCast(Module *M,
         target.isExistentialType())
       return classifyDynamicCastToProtocol(source, target, isWholeModuleOpts);
 
-    // Casts from class existential into a non-class can never succeed.
-    if (source->isClassExistentialType() &&
-        !target.isAnyExistentialType() &&
-        !target.getClassOrBoundGenericClass() &&
-        !isa<ArchetypeType>(target) &&
-        !mayBridgeToObjectiveC(M, target)) {
-      assert((target.getEnumOrBoundGenericEnum() ||
-              target.getStructOrBoundGenericStruct() ||
-              isa<TupleType>(target) ||
-              isa<SILFunctionType>(target) ||
-              isa<FunctionType>(target) ||
-              isa<MetatypeType>(target)) &&
-             "Target should be an enum, struct, tuple, metatype or function type");
-      return DynamicCastFeasibility::WillFail;
-    }
+    // Check conversions from protocol types to non-protocol types.
+    if (source.isExistentialType() &&
+        !target.isExistentialType())
+      return classifyDynamicCastFromProtocol(M, source, target,
+                                             isWholeModuleOpts);
 
     return DynamicCastFeasibility::MaySucceed;
   }
@@ -540,7 +569,6 @@ swift::classifyDynamicCast(Module *M,
   // Check for a viable collection cast.
   if (auto sourceStruct = dyn_cast<BoundGenericStructType>(source)) {
     if (auto targetStruct = dyn_cast<BoundGenericStructType>(target)) {
-
       // Both types have to be the same kind of collection.
       auto typeDecl = sourceStruct->getDecl();
       if (typeDecl == targetStruct->getDecl()) {
@@ -571,6 +599,30 @@ swift::classifyDynamicCast(Module *M,
     }
   }
 
+  // Casts from AnyHashable.
+  if (auto sourceStruct = dyn_cast<StructType>(source)) {
+    if (sourceStruct->getDecl() == M->getASTContext().getAnyHashableDecl()) {
+      if (auto hashable = getHashableExistentialType(M)) {
+        // Succeeds if Hashable can be cast to the target type.
+        return classifyDynamicCastFromProtocol(M, hashable, target,
+                                               isWholeModuleOpts);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Casts to AnyHashable.
+  if (auto targetStruct = dyn_cast<StructType>(target)) {
+    if (targetStruct->getDecl() == M->getASTContext().getAnyHashableDecl()) {
+      // Succeeds if the source type can be dynamically cast to Hashable.
+      // Hashable is not actually a legal existential type right now, but
+      // the check doesn't care about that.
+      if (auto hashable = getHashableExistentialType(M)) {
+        return classifyDynamicCastToProtocol(source, hashable,
+                                             isWholeModuleOpts);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   return DynamicCastFeasibility::WillFail;
 }
 

lib/SILGen/SILGenExpr.cpp

@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ namespace {
              CovariantReturnConversionExpr *E,
              SGFContext C);
     RValue visitErasureExpr(ErasureExpr *E, SGFContext C);
+    RValue visitAnyHashableErasureExpr(AnyHashableErasureExpr *E, SGFContext C);
     RValue visitForcedCheckedCastExpr(ForcedCheckedCastExpr *E,
                                       SGFContext C);
     RValue visitConditionalCheckedCastExpr(ConditionalCheckedCastExpr *E,
@@ -1326,6 +1327,25 @@ RValue RValueEmitter::visitErasureExpr(ErasureExpr *E, SGFContext C) {
   return RValue(SGF, E, mv);
 }
 
+RValue RValueEmitter::visitAnyHashableErasureExpr(AnyHashableErasureExpr *E,
+                                                  SGFContext C) {
+  // Ensure that the intrinsic function exists.
+  auto convertFn = SGF.SGM.getConvertToAnyHashable(E);
+  if (!convertFn) return SGF.emitUndefRValue(E, E->getType());
+
+  // Construct the substitution for T: Hashable.
+  ProtocolConformanceRef conformances[] = { E->getConformance() };
+  Substitution sub(E->getSubExpr()->getType(),
+                   SGF.getASTContext().AllocateCopy(conformances));
+
+  // Emit the source value into a temporary.
+  auto sourceOrigType = AbstractionPattern::getOpaque();
+  auto source =
+    SGF.emitMaterializedRValueAsOrig(E->getSubExpr(), sourceOrigType);
+
+  return SGF.emitApplyOfLibraryIntrinsic(E, convertFn, sub, source, C);
+}
+
 /// Treating this as a successful operation, turn a CMV into a +1 MV.
 ManagedValue SILGenFunction::getManagedValue(SILLocation loc,
                                              ConsumableManagedValue value) {

lib/SILGen/SILGenFunction.h

@@ -1006,6 +1006,10 @@ class LLVM_LIBRARY_VISIBILITY SILGenFunction
   ManagedValue emitRValueAsOrig(Expr *E, AbstractionPattern origPattern,
                                 const TypeLowering &origTL,
                                 SGFContext C = SGFContext());
+
+  /// Emit an r-value into temporary memory and return the managed address.
+  ManagedValue
+  emitMaterializedRValueAsOrig(Expr *E, AbstractionPattern origPattern);
 
   /// Emit the given expression, ignoring its result.
   void emitIgnoredExpr(Expr *E);

lib/SILGen/SILGenPoly.cpp

@@ -2587,6 +2587,26 @@ RValue SILGenFunction::emitSubstToOrigValue(SILLocation loc, RValue &&v,
                               ctxt);
 }
 
+ManagedValue
+SILGenFunction::emitMaterializedRValueAsOrig(Expr *expr,
+                                             AbstractionPattern origType) {  
+  // Create a temporary.
+  auto &origTL = getTypeLowering(origType, expr->getType());
+  auto temporary = emitTemporary(expr, origTL);
+
+  // Emit the reabstracted r-value.
+  auto result =
+    emitRValueAsOrig(expr, origType, origTL, SGFContext(temporary.get()));
+
+  // Force the result into the temporary.
+  if (!result.isInContext()) {
+    temporary->copyOrInitValueInto(*this, expr, result, /*init*/ true);
+    temporary->finishInitialization(*this);
+  }
+
+  return temporary->getManagedAddress();
+}
+
 ManagedValue
 SILGenFunction::emitRValueAsOrig(Expr *expr, AbstractionPattern origPattern,
                                  const TypeLowering &origTL, SGFContext ctxt) {

lib/Sema/CSApply.cpp

@@ -5304,6 +5304,27 @@ Expr *ExprRewriter::coerceToType(Expr *expr, Type toType,
                                                              isBridged);
     }
 
+    case ConversionRestrictionKind::HashableToAnyHashable: {
+      // Look through implicitly unwrapped optionals.
+      if (auto objTy
+            = cs.lookThroughImplicitlyUnwrappedOptionalType(expr->getType())) {
+        expr = coerceImplicitlyUnwrappedOptionalToValue(expr, objTy, locator);
+      }
+
+      // Find the conformance of the source type to Hashable.
+      auto hashable = tc.Context.getProtocol(KnownProtocolKind::Hashable);
+      ProtocolConformance *conformance;
+      bool conforms = tc.conformsToProtocol(expr->getType(), hashable, cs.DC,
+                                            ConformanceCheckFlags::InExpression,
+                                            &conformance);
+      assert(conforms && "must conform to Hashable");
+      (void)conforms;
+      ProtocolConformanceRef conformanceRef(hashable, conformance);
+
+      return new (tc.Context) AnyHashableErasureExpr(expr, toType,
+                                                     conformanceRef);
+    }
+
     case ConversionRestrictionKind::DictionaryUpcast: {
       // Look through implicitly unwrapped optionals.
       if (auto objTy