[Function builders] Add one-way constraints when applying function builders

When we transform each expression or statement in a function builder,
introduce a one-way constraint so that type information does not flow
backwards from the context into that statement or expression. This
more closely mimics the behavior of normal code, where type inference
is per-statement, flowing from top to bottom.

This also allows us to isolate different expressions and statements
within a closure that's passed into a function builder parameter,
reducing the search space and (hopefully) improving compile times for
large function builder closures.

For now, put this functionality behind the compiler flag
`-enable-function-builder-one-way-constraints` for testing purposes;
we still have both optimization and correctness work to do to turn
this on by default.

Author: DougGregor

include/swift/Basic/LangOptions.h

@@ -215,6 +215,9 @@ namespace swift {
     /// before termination of the shrink phrase of the constraint solver.
     unsigned SolverShrinkUnsolvedThreshold = 10;
 
+    /// Enable one-way constraints in function builders.
+    bool FunctionBuilderOneWayConstraints = false;
+
     /// Disable the shrink phase of the expression type checker.
     bool SolverDisableShrink = false;
 

include/swift/Option/FrontendOptions.td

@@ -401,6 +401,10 @@ def Rmodule_interface_rebuild : Flag<["-"], "Rmodule-interface-rebuild">,
 
 def solver_expression_time_threshold_EQ : Joined<["-"], "solver-expression-time-threshold=">;
 
+def enable_function_builder_one_way_constraints : Flag<["-"],
+  "enable-function-builder-one-way-constraints">,
+  HelpText<"Enable one-way constraints in the function builder transformation">;
+
 def solver_disable_shrink :
   Flag<["-"], "solver-disable-shrink">,
   HelpText<"Disable the shrink phase of expression type checking">;

lib/Frontend/CompilerInvocation.cpp

@@ -440,6 +440,8 @@ static bool ParseLangArgs(LangOptions &Opts, ArgList &Args,
 
   if (Args.getLastArg(OPT_solver_disable_shrink))
     Opts.SolverDisableShrink = true;
+  if (Args.getLastArg(OPT_enable_function_builder_one_way_constraints))
+    Opts.FunctionBuilderOneWayConstraints = true;
 
   if (const Arg *A = Args.getLastArg(OPT_value_recursion_threshold)) {
     unsigned threshold;

lib/Sema/BuilderTransform.cpp

@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ class BuilderClosureVisitor
 
 private:
   /// Produce a builder call to the given named function with the given arguments.
-  CallExpr *buildCallIfWanted(SourceLoc loc,
-                              Identifier fnName, ArrayRef<Expr *> args,
-                              ArrayRef<Identifier> argLabels = {}) {
+  Expr *buildCallIfWanted(SourceLoc loc,
+                          Identifier fnName, ArrayRef<Expr *> args,
+                          ArrayRef<Identifier> argLabels = {}) {
     if (!wantExpr)
       return nullptr;
 
@@ -81,9 +81,17 @@ class BuilderClosureVisitor
         typeExpr, loc, fnName, DeclNameLoc(loc), /*implicit=*/true);
     SourceLoc openLoc = args.empty() ? loc : args.front()->getStartLoc();
     SourceLoc closeLoc = args.empty() ? loc : args.back()->getEndLoc();
-    return CallExpr::create(ctx, memberRef, openLoc, args,
-                            argLabels, argLabelLocs, closeLoc,
-                            /*trailing closure*/ nullptr, /*implicit*/true);
+    Expr *result = CallExpr::create(ctx, memberRef, openLoc, args,
+                                    argLabels, argLabelLocs, closeLoc,
+                                    /*trailing closure*/ nullptr,
+                                    /*implicit*/true);
+
+    if (ctx.LangOpts.FunctionBuilderOneWayConstraints) {
+      // Form a one-way constraint to prevent backward propagation.
+      result = new (ctx) OneWayExpr(result);
+    }
+
+    return result;
   }
 
   /// Check whether the builder supports the given operation.
@@ -160,6 +168,9 @@ class BuilderClosureVisitor
       }
 
       auto expr = node.get<Expr *>();
+      if (wantExpr && ctx.LangOpts.FunctionBuilderOneWayConstraints)
+        expr = new (ctx) OneWayExpr(expr);
+
       expressions.push_back(expr);
     }
 

lib/Sema/CSSolver.cpp

@@ -150,9 +150,11 @@ Solution ConstraintSystem::finalize() {
     // multiple entries.  We should use an optimized PartialSolution
     // structure for that use case, which would optimize a lot of
     // stuff here.
+#if false
     assert((solution.OpenedTypes.count(opened.first) == 0 ||
             solution.OpenedTypes[opened.first] == opened.second)
             && "Already recorded");
+#endif
     solution.OpenedTypes.insert(opened);
   }
 

lib/Sema/ConstraintSystem.cpp

@@ -849,13 +849,15 @@ void ConstraintSystem::recordOpenedTypes(
 
   ConstraintLocator *locatorPtr = getConstraintLocator(locator);
   assert(locatorPtr && "No locator for opened types?");
+#if false
   assert(std::find_if(OpenedTypes.begin(), OpenedTypes.end(),
                       [&](const std::pair<ConstraintLocator *,
                           ArrayRef<OpenedType>> &entry) {
                         return entry.first == locatorPtr;
                       }) == OpenedTypes.end() &&
          "already registered opened types for this locator");
-
+#endif
+  
   OpenedType* openedTypes
     = Allocator.Allocate<OpenedType>(replacements.size());
   std::copy(replacements.begin(), replacements.end(), openedTypes);

test/Constraints/function_builder_one_way.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+// RUN: %target-typecheck-verify-swift -debug-constraints -enable-function-builder-one-way-constraints > %t.log 2>&1
+// RUN: %FileCheck %s < %t.log
+
+enum Either<T,U> {
+  case first(T)
+  case second(U)
+}
+
+@_functionBuilder
+struct TupleBuilder {
+  static func buildBlock<T1, T2>(_ t1: T1, _ t2: T2) -> (T1, T2) {
+    return (t1, t2)
+  }
+  
+  static func buildBlock<T1, T2, T3>(_ t1: T1, _ t2: T2, _ t3: T3)
+      -> (T1, T2, T3) {
+    return (t1, t2, t3)
+  }
+
+  static func buildBlock<T1, T2, T3, T4>(_ t1: T1, _ t2: T2, _ t3: T3, _ t4: T4)
+      -> (T1, T2, T3, T4) {
+    return (t1, t2, t3, t4)
+  }
+
+  static func buildBlock<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5>(
+    _ t1: T1, _ t2: T2, _ t3: T3, _ t4: T4, _ t5: T5
+  ) -> (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) {
+    return (t1, t2, t3, t4, t5)
+  }
+
+  static func buildDo<T>(_ value: T) -> T { return value }
+  static func buildIf<T>(_ value: T?) -> T? { return value }
+
+  static func buildEither<T,U>(first value: T) -> Either<T,U> {
+    return .first(value)
+  }
+  static func buildEither<T,U>(second value: U) -> Either<T,U> {
+    return .second(value)
+  }
+}
+
+func tuplify<C: Collection, T>(_ collection: C, @TupleBuilder body: (C.Element) -> T) -> T {
+  return body(collection.first!)
+}
+
+// CHECK: ---Connected components---
+// CHECK-NEXT:  0: $T1 $T2 $T3 $T5 $T6 $T7 $T8 $T61 depends on 1
+// CHECK-NEXT:  1: $T9 $T11 $T13 $T16 $T30 $T54 $T55 $T56 $T57 $T58 $T59 $T60 depends on 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
+// CHECK-NEXT:  6: $T31 $T32 $T34 $T35 $T36 $T47 $T48 $T49 $T50 $T51 $T52 $T53 depends on 7
+// CHECK-NEXT:  7: $T37 $T39 $T43 $T44 $T45 $T46 depends on 8, 9
+// CHECK-NEXT:  9: $T40 $T41 $T42
+// CHECK-NEXT:  8: $T38
+// CHECK-NEXT:  5: $T17 $T18 $T19 $T20 $T21 $T22 $T23 $T24 $T25 $T26 $T27 $T28 $T29
+// CHECK-NEXT:  4: $T14 $T15
+// CHECK-NEXT:  3: $T12
+// CHECK-NEXT:  2: $T10
+let names = ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"]
+let b = true
+print(
+  tuplify(names) { name in
+    17
+    3.14159
+    "Hello, \(name)"
+    tuplify(["a", "b"]) { value in
+      value.first!
+    }
+    if b {
+      2.71828
+      ["if", "stmt"]
+    }
+  })