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90ec6d8
7/7/2022 AM Publish (#4402)
Taojunshen Jul 7, 2022
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Merging changes synced from https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/cpp-docs…
opbld16 Jul 7, 2022
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8 changes: 5 additions & 3 deletions docs/build/reference/std-specify-language-standard-version.md
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---
title: "/std (Specify Language Standard Version)"
description: "The MSVC compiler option /std specifies the C or C++ language standard supported by the compiler."
ms.date: 10/22/2021
ms.date: 07/07/2022
f1_keywords: ["/std", "-std", "/std:c++14", "/std:c++17", "/std:c11", "/std:c17", "VC.Project.VCCLCompilerTool.CppLanguageStandard"]
---
# `/std` (Specify Language Standard Version)
Expand All @@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ Enable supported C and C++ language features from the specified version of the C

The **`/std`** options are available in Visual Studio 2017 and later. They're used to control the version-specific ISO C or C++ programming language standard features enabled during compilation of your code. The options allow you to disable support for certain new language and library features: ones that may break your existing code that conforms to a particular version of the language standard.

The Microsoft C++ compiler in Visual Studio 2017 and later versions doesn't support C++ standards modes earlier than C++14 (**`/std:c++14`**). Such support isn't planned. As an imperfect workaround, it's possible to use older Visual C++ compiler toolsets that didn't implement features from later standards. For more information on how to install and use older compiler toolsets in Visual Studio, see [Microsoft C++ porting and upgrading guide](../../porting/visual-cpp-porting-and-upgrading-guide.md).

### C++ standards support

The **`/std`** option in effect during a C++ compilation can be detected by use of the [`_MSVC_LANG`](../../preprocessor/predefined-macros.md) preprocessor macro. For more information, see [Preprocessor Macros](../../preprocessor/predefined-macros.md).
Expand All @@ -39,12 +41,12 @@ The following features remain enabled when the **`/std:c++14`** option is specif
- [u8 character literals](https://wg21.link/n4267)

**`/std:c++17`**\
The **`/std:c++17`** option enables C++17 standard-specific features and behavior. It enables the full set of C++17 features implemented by the MSVC compiler. This option disables compiler and standard library support for features that are new or changed after C++17. It specifically disables post-C++17 changes in the C++ Standard and versions of the Working Draft. It does not disable retroactive defect updates of the C++ Standard. This option is available starting in Visual Studio 2017 version 15.3.
The **`/std:c++17`** option enables C++17 standard-specific features and behavior. It enables the full set of C++17 features implemented by the MSVC compiler. This option disables compiler and standard library support for features that are new or changed after C++17. It specifically disables post-C++17 changes in the C++ Standard and versions of the Working Draft. It doesn't disable retroactive defect updates of the C++ Standard. This option is available starting in Visual Studio 2017 version 15.3.

Depending on the MSVC compiler version or update level, C++17 features may not be fully implemented or fully conforming when you specify the **`/std:c++17`** option. For an overview of C++ language conformance in Visual C++ by release version, see [Microsoft C/C++ language conformance](../../overview/visual-cpp-language-conformance.md).

**`/std:c++20`**\
The **`/std:c++20`** option enables C++20 standard-specific features and behavior. Available starting in Visual Studio 2019 version 16.11, it enables the full set of C++20 features implemented by the MSVC compiler, with the exception of `std::format`, the C++20 `<chrono>` formatting extensions, and the range factories and range adaptors from `<ranges>`. These features are still only available under **`/std:c++latest`**.
The **`/std:c++20`** option enables C++20 standard-specific features and behavior. Available starting in Visual Studio 2019 version 16.11, it enables the full set of C++20 features implemented by the MSVC compiler, except for `std::format`, the C++20 `<chrono>` formatting extensions, and the range factories and range adaptors from `<ranges>`. These features are still only available under **`/std:c++latest`**.

The **`/std:c++20`** option disables compiler and standard library support for features that are new or changed after C++20. It specifically disables post-C++20 changes in the C++ Standard and versions of the Working Draft. It doesn't disable retroactive defect updates of the C++ Standard.

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16 changes: 9 additions & 7 deletions docs/c-runtime-library/reference/abort.md
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---
description: "Learn more about: abort"
title: "abort"
ms.date: "4/2/2020"
ms.date: 07/07/2022
api_name: ["abort", "_o_abort"]
api_location: ["msvcrt.dll", "msvcr80.dll", "msvcr90.dll", "msvcr100.dll", "msvcr100_clr0400.dll", "msvcr110.dll", "msvcr110_clr0400.dll", "msvcr120.dll", "msvcr120_clr0400.dll", "ucrtbase.dll", "api-ms-win-crt-runtime-l1-1-0.dll", "api-ms-win-crt-private-l1-1-0.dll"]
api_type: ["DLLExport"]
topic_type: ["apiref"]
f1_keywords: ["Abort"]
f1_keywords: ["STDLIB/abort", "abort"]
helpviewer_keywords: ["aborting current process", "abort function", "processes, aborting"]
---
# `abort`
Expand All @@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ void abort( void );

## Return Value

**`abort`** does not return control to the calling process. By default, it checks for an abort signal handler and raises `SIGABRT` if one is set. Then **`abort`** terminates the current process and returns an exit code to the parent process.
**`abort`** doesn't return control to the calling process. By default, it checks for an abort signal handler and raises `SIGABRT` if one is set. Then **`abort`** terminates the current process and returns an exit code to the parent process.

## Remarks

**Microsoft Specific**

By default, when an app is built with the debug runtime library, the **`abort`** routine displays an error message before `SIGABRT` is raised. For console apps running in console mode, the message is sent to `STDERR`. Windows desktop apps and console apps running in windowed mode display the message in a message box. To suppress the message, use [`_set_abort_behavior`](set-abort-behavior.md) to clear the `_WRITE_ABORT_MSG` flag. The message displayed depends on the version of the runtime environment used. For applications built by using the most recent versions of Visual C++, the message resembles this:
By default, when an app is built with the debug runtime library, the **`abort`** routine displays an error message before `SIGABRT` is raised. For console apps running in console mode, the message is sent to `STDERR`. Windows desktop apps and console apps running in windowed mode display the message in a message box. To suppress the message, use [`_set_abort_behavior`](set-abort-behavior.md) to clear the `_WRITE_ABORT_MSG` flag. The message displayed depends on the version of the runtime environment used. For applications built by using the most recent versions of Visual C++, the message resembles this one:

> R6010 - abort() has been called

Expand All @@ -40,17 +40,19 @@ In previous versions of the C runtime library, this message was displayed:

When the program is compiled in debug mode, the message box displays options to **Abort**, **Retry**, or **Ignore**. If the user chooses **Abort**, the program terminates immediately and returns an exit code of 3. If the user chooses **Retry**, a debugger is invoked for just-in-time debugging, if available. If the user chooses **Ignore**, **abort** continues normal processing.

In both retail and debug builds, **`abort`** then checks whether an abort signal handler is set. If a non-default signal handler is set, **`abort`** calls `raise(SIGABRT)`. Use the [`signal`](signal.md) function to associate an abort signal handler function with the `SIGABRT` signal. You can perform custom actions—for example, clean up resources or log information—and terminate the app with your own error code in the handler function. If no custom signal handler is defined, **`abort`** does not raise the `SIGABRT` signal.
In both retail and debug builds, **`abort`** then checks whether an abort signal handler is set. If a non-default signal handler is set, **`abort`** calls `raise(SIGABRT)`. Use the [`signal`](signal.md) function to associate an abort signal handler function with the `SIGABRT` signal. You can perform custom actions—for example, clean up resources or log information—and terminate the app with your own error code in the handler function. If no custom signal handler is defined, **`abort`** doesn't raise the `SIGABRT` signal.

By default, in non-debug builds of desktop or console apps, **`abort`** then invokes the Windows Error Reporting Service mechanism (formerly known as Dr. Watson) to report failures to Microsoft. This behavior can be enabled or disabled by calling `_set_abort_behavior` and setting or masking the `_CALL_REPORTFAULT` flag. When the flag is set, Windows displays a message box that has text something like "A problem caused the program to stop working correctly." The user can choose to invoke a debugger with a **Debug** button, or choose the **Close program** button to terminate the app with an error code that's defined by the operating system.

If the Windows error reporting handler is not invoked, then **`abort`** calls [`_exit`](exit-exit-exit.md) to terminate the process with exit code 3 and returns control to the parent process or the operating system. `_exit` does not flush stream buffers or do `atexit`/`_onexit` processing.
If the Windows error reporting handler isn't invoked, then **`abort`** calls [`_exit`](exit-exit-exit.md) to terminate the process with exit code 3 and returns control to the parent process or the operating system. `_exit` doesn't flush stream buffers or do `atexit`/`_onexit` processing.

For Windows compatibility reasons, when `abort` calls `_exit`, it may invoke the Windows [`ExitProcess`](/windows/win32/api/processthreadsapi/nf-processthreadsapi-exitprocess) API, which in turn allows DLL termination routines to run. Destructors aren't run in the executable, but the same may not be true of DLLs loaded in the executable's process space. This behavior doesn't strictly conform to the C++ standard. To immediately terminate a process including any DLLs, use the Windows [`TerminateProcess`](/windows/desktop/api/processthreadsapi/nf-processthreadsapi-terminateprocess) API. You can also register an abort signal handler that invokes `TerminateProcess` for standard-compliant behavior. Compliant behavior may come at some cost in Windows compatibility.

For more information about CRT debugging, see [CRT Debugging Techniques](/visualstudio/debugger/crt-debugging-techniques).

**End Microsoft Specific**

By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change this, see [Global state in the CRT](../global-state.md).
By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change it, see [Global state in the CRT](../global-state.md).

## Requirements

Expand Down
30 changes: 16 additions & 14 deletions docs/c-runtime-library/reference/set-abort-behavior.md
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---
description: "Learn more about: _set_abort_behavior"
title: "_set_abort_behavior"
ms.date: "4/2/2020"
ms.date: 07/07/2022
api_name: ["_set_abort_behavior", "_o__set_abort_behavior"]
api_location: ["msvcrt.dll", "msvcr80.dll", "msvcr90.dll", "msvcr100.dll", "msvcr100_clr0400.dll", "msvcr110.dll", "msvcr110_clr0400.dll", "msvcr120.dll", "msvcr120_clr0400.dll", "ucrtbase.dll", "api-ms-win-crt-runtime-l1-1-0.dll", "api-ms-win-crt-private-l1-1-0.dll"]
api_type: ["DLLExport"]
topic_type: ["apiref"]
f1_keywords: ["_set_abort_behavior", "set_abort_behavior"]
f1_keywords: ["STDLIB/_set_abort_behavior", "_set_abort_behavior", "set_abort_behavior"]
helpviewer_keywords: ["aborting programs", "_set_abort_behavior function", "set_abort_behavior function"]
---
# _set_abort_behavior
# `_set_abort_behavior`

Specifies the action to be taken when a program is abnormally terminated.

> [!NOTE]
> Do not use the [abort](abort.md) function to shut down a Microsoft Store app, except in testing or debugging scenarios. Programmatic or UI ways to close a Store app are not permitted according to the [Microsoft Store policies](/legal/windows/agreements/store-policies). For more information, see [UWP app lifecycle](/windows/uwp/launch-resume/app-lifecycle).
> Do not use the [`abort`](abort.md) function to shut down a Microsoft Store app, except in testing or debugging scenarios. Programmatic or UI ways to close a Store app are not permitted according to the [Microsoft Store policies](/legal/windows/agreements/store-policies). For more information, see [UWP app lifecycle](/windows/uwp/launch-resume/app-lifecycle).

## Syntax

Expand All @@ -27,27 +27,29 @@ unsigned int _set_abort_behavior(

### Parameters

*flags*<br/>
New value of the [abort](abort.md) flags.
*`flags`*\
New value of the `abort` flags.

*mask*<br/>
Mask for the [abort](abort.md) flags bits to set.
*`mask`*\
Mask for the `abort` flags bits to set.

## Return Value

The old value of the flags.

## Remarks

There are two [abort](abort.md) flags: **_WRITE_ABORT_MSG** and **_CALL_REPORTFAULT**. **_WRITE_ABORT_MSG** determines whether a helpful text message is printed when a program is abnormally terminated. The message states that the application has called the [abort](abort.md) function. The default behavior is to print the message. **_CALL_REPORTFAULT**, if set, specifies that a Watson crash dump is generated and reported when [abort](abort.md) is called. By default, crash dump reporting is enabled in non-DEBUG builds.
There are two [`abort`](abort.md) flags: `_WRITE_ABORT_MSG` and `_CALL_REPORTFAULT`. `_WRITE_ABORT_MSG` determines whether a helpful text message is printed when a program is abnormally terminated. The message states that the application has called the `abort` function. The default behavior is to print the message. `_CALL_REPORTFAULT`, if set, invokes the Windows Error Reporting Service mechanism (formerly known as Dr. Watson) to report failures to Microsoft when `abort` is called. By default, crash dump reporting is enabled in non-DEBUG builds. If the Windows error reporting handler isn't invoked, then `abort` calls [`_exit`](exit-exit-exit.md) to terminate the process with exit code 3 and returns control to the parent process or the operating system. `_exit` doesn't flush stream buffers or do `atexit`/`_onexit` processing.

By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change this, see [Global state in the CRT](../global-state.md).
For Windows compatibility reasons, when `abort` calls `_exit`, it may invoke the Windows [`ExitProcess`](/windows/win32/api/processthreadsapi/nf-processthreadsapi-exitprocess) API, which in turn allows DLL termination routines to run. Destructors aren't run in the executable, but the same may not be true of DLLs loaded in the executable's process space. This behavior doesn't strictly conform to the C++ standard. To immediately terminate a process including any DLLs, use the Windows [`TerminateProcess`](/windows/desktop/api/processthreadsapi/nf-processthreadsapi-terminateprocess) API. You can also register an abort signal handler that invokes `TerminateProcess` for standard-compliant behavior. Compliant behavior may come at some cost in Windows compatibility.

By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change it, see [Global state in the CRT](../global-state.md).

## Requirements

|Routine|Required header|
|-------------|---------------------|
|**_set_abort_behavior**|\<stdlib.h>|
| Routine | Required header |
|--|--|
| **`_set_abort_behavior`** | `<stdlib.h>` |

For more compatibility information, see [Compatibility](../../c-runtime-library/compatibility.md).

Expand All @@ -74,4 +76,4 @@ Suppressing the abort message. If successful, this message will be the only outp

## See also

[abort](abort.md)<br/>
[`abort`](abort.md)
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