More Additions (Info below)

BinarySearch.java

@@ -70,5 +70,6 @@ public static void main(String[] args)
 		{
 			System.out.println("Not found");
 		}
+		input.close();
 	}
 }

BinaryToDecimal.java

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ public static void main(String args[])
   {
     Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
     int n,k,d,s=0,c=0;
+    System.out.print("Binary number: ");
     n=sc.nextInt();
     k=n;
     while(k!=0)
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ public static void main(String args[])
       s+=d*(int)Math.pow(2,c++);
       k/=10;
     }
-    System.out.println("Binary number:"+n);
     System.out.println("Decimal equivalent:"+s);
+    sc.close();
   }
 }

BinaryToOctal.java

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import java.util.Scanner;
+
+/**
+ * Converts any Binary number to an Octal Number
+ * 
+ * @author Zachary Jones
+ *
+ */
+public class BinaryToOctal {
+
+	/**
+	 * Main method
+	 * 
+	 * @param args Command line arguments
+	 */
+	public static void main(String args[]) {
+		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
+		int b = sc.nextInt();
+		System.out.println("Octal equivalent: " + convertBinaryToOctal(b));
+		sc.close();
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * This method converts a binary number to
+	 * an octal number.
+	 * 
+	 * @param b The binary number
+	 * @return The octal number
+	 */
+	public static int convertBinaryToOctal(int b) {
+
+	}
+
+}

BubbleSort.java

@@ -45,6 +45,6 @@ public static void main(String[] args)
 		{
 			System.out.print(array[i]+"\t");
 		}
-
+		input.close();
 	}
 }

DecimalToBinary.java

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ public static void main(String args[])
   {
     Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
     int n,k,s=0,c=0,d;
+    System.out.print("Decimal number: ");
     n=sc.nextInt();
     k=n;
     while(k!=0)
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ public static void main(String args[])
       s=s+d*(int)Math.pow(10,c++);
       k/=2;
     }//converting decimal to binary
-    System.out.println("Decimal number:"+n);
     System.out.println("Binary equivalent:"+s);
+    sc.close();
   }
 }

DecimalToOctal.java

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args)
   {
     Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
     int n,k,d,s=0,c=0;
+    System.out.print("Decimal number: ");
     n=sc.nextInt();
     k=n;
     while(k!=0)
@@ -25,7 +26,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args)
       s+=d*(int)Math.pow(10,c++);
       k/=8;
     }
-    System.out.println("Decimal number:"+n);
+
     System.out.println("Octal equivalent:"+s);
+    sc.close();
   }
 }

Factorial.java

@@ -29,7 +29,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args){
 			//Output of factorial for any non-negative number
 			System.out.println("The factorial of "+number+" will yield: "+factorial(number));
 		}
-		}	
+		}
+		input.close();
 	}
 
 	/**

InsertionSort.java

@@ -44,6 +44,6 @@ public static void main(String[] args)
 		{
 			System.out.print(array[i]+"\t");
 		}
-
+		input.close();
 	}
 }

InsertionSortInteger.java

@@ -11,6 +11,12 @@
 public class InsertionSortInteger {
 
 
+	/**
+	 * This method implements insertion sort by integer
+	 * 
+	 * @param initialArray array to be sorted
+	 * @return sorted array
+	 */
 	public int[] insertionIntArraySort(int[] initialArray){
 
 		int[] sortedArray = new int[initialArray.length];

LinearSearch.java

@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args){
 		//Output array and index of target element, if found
 		printarray(myArray);
 		System.out.printf("The integer %d is found in index %d\n", key, linearsearch(myArray, key));
-
+
+		input.close();
 	}
 
 	/**

OctalToBinary.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import java.util.Scanner;
+
+/**
+ * Converts any Octal number to a Binary number
+ * 
+ * @author Zachary Jones
+ *
+ */
+public class OctalToBinary {
+
+	/**
+	 * Main method
+	 * 
+	 * @param args Command line arguments
+	 */
+	public static void main(String args[]) {
+		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
+		int o = sc.nextInt();
+		System.out.println("Binary equivalent: " + convertOctalToBinary(o));
+		sc.close();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * This method converts an octal number
+	 * to a binary number.
+	 * 
+	 * @param o The octal number
+	 * @return The binary number
+	 */
+	public static int convertOctalToBinary(int o) {
+
+	}
+
+}

OctalToDecimal.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import java.util.Scanner;
+
+/**
+ * Converts any Octal Number to a Decimal Number
+ * 
+ * @author Zachary Jones
+ *
+ */
+public class OctalToDecimal {
+
+	/**
+	 * Main method
+	 * 
+	 * @param args Command line arguments
+	 */
+	public static void main(String args[]) {
+		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
+		int o = sc.nextInt();
+		System.out.println("Decimal equivalent: " + convertOctalToDecimal(o));
+		sc.close();
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * This method converts an octal number to
+	 * a decimal number.
+	 * 
+	 * @param o The octal number
+	 * @return The decimal number
+	 */
+	public static int convertOctalToDecimal(int o) {
+
+	}
+
+}

Quicksort.java

@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ public static void main(String[] args){
 		System.out.println("The sorted array is: ");
 		printarray(array);
 		System.out.println();
+
+		input.close();
 	}
 
 	/**

ReverseString.java

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ class ReverseString
 	 */
 	static String reverseString(String str)
 	{
-		String reverse=" ";
+		String reverse="";
 		if(str.length()==1)
 		{
 			return str;
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException
 		System.out.println("Enter the string");
 		String srr=br.readLine();
 		System.out.println("Reverse="+reverseString(srr));
+		br.close();
 	}
 }
 

SelectionSort.java

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args)
 		{
 			System.out.print(array[i]+"\t");
 		}
-
+
+		input.close();
 	}
 }

bfs.java

@@ -15,25 +15,25 @@ public class bfs{
 	 * @param vertices The vertices to use
 	 * @param source The Source
 	 */
-	public static void bfs(byte [][] a,int vertices,int source){  //passing adjacency matrix and no of vertices
+	public static void bfsImplement(byte [][] a,int vertices,int source){  //passing adjacency matrix and no of vertices
 		byte []b=new byte[vertices];    //flag container containing status of each vertices
 		Arrays.fill(b,(byte)-1);   //status initialization
 		/*       code   status 
 				 -1  =  ready
 				  0  =  waiting
 				  1  =  processed       */
 
-		Queue <Integer> st=new Queue<>();     //operational stack
-		st.add(source);                                                 //assigning source
+		Stack st = new Stack(vertices);     //operational stack
+		st.push(source);                                                 //assigning source
 		while(!st.isEmpty()){
 			b[st.peek()]=(byte)0;                                   //assigning waiting status
-			System.out.println(st.element());
-			int pop=st.element();
+			System.out.println(st.peek());
+			int pop=st.peek();
 			b[pop]=(byte)1;               //assigning processed status
-			st.remove();                  //removing head of the queue 
+			st.pop();                  //removing head of the queue 
 			for(int i=0;i<vertices;i++){
 				if(a[pop][i]!=0 && b[i]!=(byte)0 && b[i]!=(byte)1 ){
-					st.add(i);
+					st.push(i);
 					b[i]=(byte)0;                        //assigning waiting status
 				}}}
 	}
@@ -56,5 +56,7 @@ public static void main(String args[]){
 				a[i][in.nextInt()]=1;      //taking adjacency entries by assigning 1
 			}
 		}
-		bfs(a,vertices,source);         //function call
-	}}
+		bfsImplement(a,vertices,source);         //function call
+		in.close();
+	}
+}

countwords.java

@@ -28,5 +28,6 @@ public static void main(String args[])
             }
         }
         System.out.println("Number of words in the string = "+count);
+        sc.close();
     }
 }

data_structures/CircleLinkedList.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+public class CircleLinkedList<E>{
+     private static class Node<E>{
+         Node<E> next;
+         E value;
+         private Node(E value, Node<E> next){
+              this.value = value;
+              this.next = next;
+         }
+     }
+     private int size; //For better O.O design this should be private allows for better black box design
+     private Node<E> head; //this will point to dummy node;
+     public CircleLinkedList(){ //constructer for class.. here we will make a dummy node for circly linked list implementation with reduced error catching as our list will never be empty;
+         head = new Node<E>(null,head); //creation of the dummy node
+         size = 0;
+     }
+     public int getSize(){ return size;} // getter for the size... needed because size is private.
+     public void append(E value){ // for the sake of simplistiy this class will only contain the append function or addLast other add functions can be implemented however this is the basses of them all really.
+         if(value == null){
+         	throw new NullPointerException("Cannot add null element to the list"); // we do not want to add null elements to the list.
+         }
+         head.next = new Node<E>(value,head); //head.next points to the last element;
+         size++;}
+     public E remove(int pos){
+     	if(pos>size || pos< 0){
+     		throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("position cannot be greater than size or negative"); //catching errors
+     	}
+     	Node<E> iterator = head.next; 
+     	Node<E> before = head; //we need to keep track of the element before the element we want to remove we can see why bellow.
+     	for(int i = 1; i<=pos; i++){
+            iterator = iterator.next;
+            before = before.next;   
+     	}
+     	E saved = iterator.value;
+     	before.next = iterator.next; // assigning the next referance to the the element following the element we want to remove... the last element will be assigned to the head.
+     	iterator.next = null; // scrubbing 
+     	iterator.value = null; 
+     	return saved;
+
+     	}
+
+     }
+

data_structures/Graphs.java

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+
+/**
+ * This class implements the Graph data structure
+ * using the classes Graph and Graphs.
+ * 
+ * @author Zachary Jones
+ *
+ */
+class Graph {
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * This class is used to test the Graph
+ * class above.
+ * 
+ * @author Zachary Jones
+ *
+ */
+
+public class Graphs {
+
+	/**
+	 * Main method
+	 * 
+	 * @param args Command line arguments
+	 */
+	public static void main(String args[]) {
+
+	}
+
+}

data_structures/heaps/MaxHeap.java

@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ public void deleteElement(int elementIndex) {
 			try {
 				throw new EmptyHeapException("Attempt to delete an element from an empty heap");
 			} catch (EmptyHeapException e) {
-				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
 				e.printStackTrace();
 			}
         if ((elementIndex > maxHeap.size()) && (elementIndex <= 0)) throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index out of heap range");

data_structures/heaps/MinHeap.java

@@ -91,7 +91,6 @@ public void deleteElement(int elementIndex) {
 			try {
 				throw new EmptyHeapException("Attempt to delete an element from an empty heap");
 			} catch (EmptyHeapException e) {
-				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
 				e.printStackTrace();
 			}
         if ((elementIndex > minHeap.size()) && (elementIndex <= 0)) throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index out of heap range");