Add disk scheduling algorithms.

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/CircularLookScheduling.java

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+package com.thealgorithms.scheduling.diskscheduling;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Circular Look Scheduling (C-LOOK) is a disk scheduling algorithm similar to
+ * the C-SCAN algorithm but with a key difference. In C-LOOK, the disk arm also
+ * moves in one direction to service requests, but instead of going all the way
+ * to the end of the disk, it only goes as far as the furthest request in the
+ * current direction. After servicing the last request in the current direction,
+ * the arm immediately jumps back to the closest request on the other side without
+ * moving to the disk's extreme ends. This reduces the unnecessary movement of the
+ * disk arm, resulting in better performance compared to C-SCAN, while still
+ * maintaining fair wait times for requests.
+ */
+public class CircularLookScheduling {
+    private int currentPosition;
+    private boolean movingUp;
+    private final int maxCylinder;
+
+    public CircularLookScheduling(int startPosition, boolean movingUp, int maxCylinder) {
+        this.currentPosition = startPosition;
+        this.movingUp = movingUp;
+        this.maxCylinder = maxCylinder;
+    }
+
+    public List<Integer> execute(List<Integer> requests) {
+        List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        // Filter and sort valid requests in both directions
+        List<Integer> upRequests = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<Integer> downRequests = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        for (int request : requests) {
+            if (request >= 0 && request < maxCylinder) {
+                if (request > currentPosition) {
+                    upRequests.add(request);
+                } else if (request < currentPosition) {
+                    downRequests.add(request);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Collections.sort(upRequests);
+        Collections.sort(downRequests);
+
+        if (movingUp) {
+            // Process all requests in the upward direction
+            result.addAll(upRequests);
+
+            // Jump to the lowest request and process all requests in the downward direction
+            result.addAll(downRequests);
+        } else {
+            // Process all requests in the downward direction (in reverse order)
+            Collections.reverse(downRequests);
+            result.addAll(downRequests);
+
+            // Jump to the highest request and process all requests in the upward direction (in reverse order)
+            Collections.reverse(upRequests);
+            result.addAll(upRequests);
+        }
+
+        // Update current position to the last processed request
+        if (!result.isEmpty()) {
+            currentPosition = result.get(result.size() - 1);
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public int getCurrentPosition() {
+        return currentPosition;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isMovingUp() {
+        return movingUp;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/CircularScanScheduling.java

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+package com.thealgorithms.scheduling.diskscheduling;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Circular Scan Scheduling (C-SCAN) is a disk scheduling algorithm that
+ * works by moving the disk arm in one direction to service requests until
+ * it reaches the end of the disk. Once it reaches the end, instead of reversing
+ * direction like in the SCAN algorithm, the arm moves back to the starting point
+ * without servicing any requests. This ensures a more uniform wait time for all
+ * requests, especially those near the disk edges. The algorithm then continues in
+ * the same direction, making it effective for balancing service time across all disk sectors.
+ */
+public class CircularScanScheduling {
+    private int currentPosition;
+    private boolean movingUp;
+    private final int diskSize;
+
+    public CircularScanScheduling(int startPosition, boolean movingUp, int diskSize) {
+        this.currentPosition = startPosition;
+        this.movingUp = movingUp;
+        this.diskSize = diskSize;
+    }
+
+    public List<Integer> execute(List<Integer> requests) {
+        if (requests.isEmpty()) {
+            return new ArrayList<>(); // Return empty list if there are no requests
+        }
+
+        List<Integer> sortedRequests = new ArrayList<>(requests);
+        Collections.sort(sortedRequests);
+
+        List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        if (movingUp) {
+            // Moving up: process requests >= current position
+            for (int request : sortedRequests) {
+                if (request >= currentPosition && request < diskSize) {
+                    result.add(request);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Jump to the smallest request and continue processing from the start
+            for (int request : sortedRequests) {
+                if (request < currentPosition) {
+                    result.add(request);
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Moving down: process requests <= current position in reverse order
+            for (int i = sortedRequests.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+                int request = sortedRequests.get(i);
+                if (request <= currentPosition) {
+                    result.add(request);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Jump to the largest request and continue processing in reverse order
+            for (int i = sortedRequests.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+                int request = sortedRequests.get(i);
+                if (request > currentPosition) {
+                    result.add(request);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Set final position to the last request processed
+        if (!result.isEmpty()) {
+            currentPosition = result.get(result.size() - 1);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public int getCurrentPosition() {
+        return currentPosition;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isMovingUp() {
+        return movingUp;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/LookScheduling.java

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+package com.thealgorithms.scheduling.diskscheduling;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LOOK_algorithm
+ * Look Scheduling algorithm implementation.
+ * The Look algorithm moves the disk arm to the closest request in the current direction,
+ * and once it processes all requests in that direction, it reverses the direction.
+ */
+public class LookScheduling {
+    private final int maxTrack;
+    private final int currentPosition;
+    private boolean movingUp;
+    private int farthestPosition;
+    public LookScheduling(int startPosition, boolean initialDirection, int maxTrack) {
+        this.currentPosition = startPosition;
+        this.movingUp = initialDirection;
+        this.maxTrack = maxTrack;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the Look Scheduling algorithm on the given list of requests.
+     *
+     * @param requests List of disk requests.
+     * @return Order in which requests are processed.
+     */
+    public List<Integer> execute(List<Integer> requests) {
+        List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<Integer> lower = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<Integer> upper = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        // Split requests into two lists based on their position relative to current position
+        for (int request : requests) {
+            if (request >= 0 && request < maxTrack) {
+                if (request < currentPosition) {
+                    lower.add(request);
+                } else {
+                    upper.add(request);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Sort the requests
+        Collections.sort(lower);
+        Collections.sort(upper);
+
+        // Process the requests depending on the initial moving direction
+        if (movingUp) {
+            // Process requests in the upward direction
+            result.addAll(upper);
+            if (!upper.isEmpty()) {
+                farthestPosition = upper.get(upper.size() - 1);
+            }
+
+            // Reverse the direction and process downward
+            movingUp = false;
+            Collections.reverse(lower);
+            result.addAll(lower);
+            if (!lower.isEmpty()) {
+                farthestPosition = Math.max(farthestPosition, lower.get(0));
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Process requests in the downward direction
+            Collections.reverse(lower);
+            result.addAll(lower);
+            if (!lower.isEmpty()) {
+                farthestPosition = lower.get(0);
+            }
+
+            // Reverse the direction and process upward
+            movingUp = true;
+            result.addAll(upper);
+            if (!upper.isEmpty()) {
+                farthestPosition = Math.max(farthestPosition, upper.get(upper.size() - 1));
+            }
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public int getCurrentPosition() {
+        return currentPosition;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isMovingUp() {
+        return movingUp;
+    }
+
+    public int getFarthestPosition() {
+        return farthestPosition;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/diskscheduling/SSFScheduling.java

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+package com.thealgorithms.scheduling.diskscheduling;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortest_seek_first
+ * Shortest Seek First (SFF) Scheduling algorithm implementation.
+ * The SFF algorithm selects the next request to be serviced based on the shortest distance
+ * from the current position of the disk arm. It continuously evaluates all pending requests
+ * and chooses the one that requires the least amount of movement to service.
+ *
+ * This approach minimizes the average seek time, making it efficient in terms of response
+ * time for individual requests. However, it may lead to starvation for requests located
+ * further away from the current position of the disk arm.
+ *
+ * The SFF algorithm is particularly effective in systems where quick response time
+ * is crucial, as it ensures that the most accessible requests are prioritized for servicing.
+ */
+public class SSFScheduling {
+    private int currentPosition;
+
+    public SSFScheduling(int currentPosition) {
+        this.currentPosition = currentPosition;
+    }
+
+    public List<Integer> execute(List<Integer> requests) {
+        List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>(requests);
+        List<Integer> orderedRequests = new ArrayList<>();
+
+        while (!result.isEmpty()) {
+            int closest = findClosest(result);
+            orderedRequests.add(closest);
+            result.remove(Integer.valueOf(closest));
+            currentPosition = closest;
+        }
+        return orderedRequests;
+    }
+
+    private int findClosest(List<Integer> requests) {
+        int minDistance = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+        int closest = -1;
+        for (int request : requests) {
+            int distance = Math.abs(currentPosition - request);
+            if (distance < minDistance) {
+                minDistance = distance;
+                closest = request;
+            }
+        }
+        return closest;
+    }
+
+    public int getCurrentPosition() {
+        return currentPosition;
+    }
+}