Introduce error types

[salmanmkc]

Pull Request Template

Description

Just added some extra tests and used typiing for some errors. Might do some more soon.

Type of change

Please delete options that are not relevant.

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)

Checklist:

• I ran bellow commands using the latest version of rust nightly.
• I ran cargo clippy --all -- -D warnings just before my last commit and fixed any issue that was found.
• I ran cargo fmt just before my last commit.
• I ran cargo test just before my last commit and all tests passed.
• I added my algorithm to the corresponding mod.rs file within its own folder, and in any parent folder(s).
• I added my algorithm to DIRECTORY.md with the correct link.
• I checked COUNTRIBUTING.md and my code follows its guidelines.

Please make sure that if there is a test that takes too long to run ( > 300ms), you #[ignore] that or
try to optimize your code or make the test easier to run. We have this rule because we have hundreds of
tests to run; If each one of them took 300ms, we would have to wait for a long time.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 86.95652% with 6 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 94.77%. Comparing base (20c92d7) to head (4be9f49).

Files	Patch %	Lines
src/data_structures/queue.rs	80.00%	3 Missing ⚠️
src/data_structures/range_minimum_query.rs	40.00%	3 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #709      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   94.78%   94.77%   -0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         297      297              
  Lines       22149    22182      +33     
==========================================
+ Hits        20994    21023      +29     
- Misses       1155     1159       +4     

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[salmanmkc]

in draft mode, just doing this for fun and will get back but got a bunch of things I need to run to first