fix(astro): Avoid RegExp creation during route interpolation

[Lms24]

Update: Added more detailed description after publishing Security Adivsory:

This PR fixes a security vulnerability in the @sentry/astro SDK. It fixes to CVE-2023-50249.

Summary: Previously, under certain conditions, we compiled a new RegExp for user-entered URL parameter values to interpolate a route name when starting a transaction. Unfortunately, we did not escape these parameter values, meaning that with the right regex and parameter combination, projects using our Astro SDK were exposed to a ReDos vulnerability.

For more information and to see if you were affected by the vulnerability (there are criteria to be affected), please refer to the security advisory.

This PR replaces the route interpolation that was previously based on compiling a RegExp for each parameter value:
Instead of this dynamic regex creation, we now

• iterate over route segments to replace parameter values
• decode raw url to match previously unmatched param values
• prioritize multi-segment rest parameters before iterating over individual segments