[UR] Logger callback function sink

[martygrant]

Migrated from oneapi-src/unified-runtime#1748

This PR implements oneapi-src/unified-runtime#1330 through a new logger sink: a user configurable callback. It introduces some spec additions:

• typedef void (*ur_logger_output_callback_t)(ur_logger_level_t level, const char *pLoggerMsg, void *pUserData)
• urSetLoggerCallback(ur_adapter_handle_t hAdapter, ur_logger_output_callback_t pfnLoggerCallback, void *pUserData, ur_logger_level_t level
  )`
• urSetLoggerCallbackLevel(ur_adapter_handle_t hAdapter, ur_logger_level_t level)
• typedef enum ur_logger_level_t (moved the logger::level enum into the spec)

This new logger sink will only be constructed once a user makes a call to urSetLoggerCallback (which is called from the UR urAdapterSetLoggerCallback entry point), supplying their own callback function. They can set the minimum logging level through urSetLoggerCallbackLevel. Any subsequent logging calls will additionally make a call to the supplied callback where the log level, message and user data will be sent.

A callback has been setup in the SYCL RT in sycl/source/detail/ur.cpp to print logs to std::err:

void urLoggerCallback([[maybe_unused]] ur_logger_level_t level, const char *msg,
                      [[maybe_unused]] void *userData) {
  std::cerr << msg << std::endl;
}

A new test suite LoggerWithCallbackSink has been added to test this new functionality.

[martygrant]

Pre commit AMD job is failing with Memory access fault by GPU node-1 (Agent handle: 0x10478090) on address 0x7b62a0014000. Reason: Page not present or supervisor privilege. this is being tracked here #10460

[martygrant]

@intel/dpcpp-nativecpu-reviewers @intel/llvm-reviewers-cuda need a review for this PR please

[martygrant]

@intel/unified-runtime-reviewers-level-zero need a review for this please, this was a previously approved PR in the old UR repo but has had some new changes since then