[libc] add a simple TTAS spin lock

libc/src/__support/threads/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -10,6 +10,15 @@ add_header_library(
     sleep.h
 )
 
+add_header_library(
+  spin_lock
+  HDRS
+    spin_lock.h
+  DEPENDS
+    .sleep
+    libc.src.__support.CPP.atomic
+)
+
 if(EXISTS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${LIBC_TARGET_OS})
   add_subdirectory(${LIBC_TARGET_OS})
 endif()

libc/src/__support/threads/spin_lock.h

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+//===-- TTAS Spin Lock ----------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef LLVM_LIBC_SRC___SUPPORT_THREADS_SPIN_LOCK_H
+#define LLVM_LIBC_SRC___SUPPORT_THREADS_SPIN_LOCK_H
+
+#include "src/__support/CPP/atomic.h"
+#include "src/__support/macros/attributes.h"
+#include "src/__support/macros/properties/architectures.h"
+#include "src/__support/threads/sleep.h"
+
+namespace LIBC_NAMESPACE_DECL {
+
+namespace spinlock {
+template <typename LockWord, typename Return>
+using AtomicOp = Return (cpp::Atomic<LockWord>::*)(LockWord, cpp::MemoryOrder,
+                                                   cpp::MemoryScope);
+}
+
+template <typename LockWord, spinlock::AtomicOp<LockWord, LockWord> Acquire,
+          spinlock::AtomicOp<LockWord, void> Release>
+class SpinLockAdaptor {
+  cpp::Atomic<LockWord> flag;
+
+public:
+  LIBC_INLINE constexpr SpinLockAdaptor() : flag{false} {}
+  LIBC_INLINE bool try_lock() {
+    return !flag.*Acquire(static_cast<LockWord>(1), cpp::MemoryOrder::ACQUIRE);
+  }
+  LIBC_INLINE void lock() {
+    // clang-format off
+    // For normal TTAS, this compiles to the following on armv9a and x86_64:
+    //         mov     w8, #1            |          .LBB0_1:
+    // .LBB0_1:                          |                  mov     al, 1
+    //         swpab   w8, w9, [x0]      |                  xchg    byte ptr [rdi], al
+    //         tbnz    w9, #0, .LBB0_3   |                  test    al, 1
+    //         b       .LBB0_4           |                  jne     .LBB0_3
+    // .LBB0_2:                          |                  jmp     .LBB0_4
+    //         isb                       |         .LBB0_2:
+    // .LBB0_3:                          |                  pause
+    //         ldrb    w9, [x0]          |         .LBB0_3:       
+    //         tbnz    w9, #0, .LBB0_2   |                  movzx   eax, byte ptr [rdi]
+    //         b       .LBB0_1           |                  test    al, 1
+    // .LBB0_4:                          |                  jne     .LBB0_2
+    //         ret                       |                  jmp     .LBB0_1
+    //                                   |          .LBB0_4:
+    //                                   |                  ret
+    // clang-format on
+    // Notice that inside the busy loop .LBB0_2 and .LBB0_3, only instructions
+    // with load semantics are used. swpab/xchg is only issued in outer loop
+    // .LBB0_1. This is useful to avoid extra write traffic. The cache
+    // coherence guarantees "write propagation", so even if the inner loop only
+    // reads with relaxed ordering, the thread will evetually see the write.
+    while (!try_lock())
+      while (flag.load(cpp::MemoryOrder::RELAXED))
+        sleep_briefly();
+  }
+  LIBC_INLINE void unlock() {
+    flag.*Release(static_cast<LockWord>(0), cpp::MemoryOrder::RELEASE);
+  }
+};
+
+// It is reported that atomic operations with higher-order semantics
+// lead to better performance on GPUs.
+#ifdef LIBC_TARGET_ARCH_IS_GPU
+using SpinLock =
+    SpinLockAdaptor<unsigned int, &cpp::Atomic<unsigned int>::fetch_or,
+                    &cpp::Atomic<unsigned int>::fetch_and>;
+#else
+using SpinLock = SpinLockAdaptor<bool, &cpp::Atomic<bool>::exchange,
+                                 &cpp::Atomic<bool>::store>;
+#endif
+
+} // namespace LIBC_NAMESPACE_DECL
+
+#endif // LLVM_LIBC_SRC___SUPPORT_THREADS_SPIN_LOCK_H