bpo-40849: Expose X509_V_FLAG_PARTIAL_CHAIN ssl flag

[l0x-c0d3z]

This short PR exposes an openssl flag that wasn't exposed. I've also updated to doc to reflect the change. It's heavily inspired by 990fcaa.

https://bugs.python.org/issue40849

Automerge-Triggered-By: GH:tiran

[the-knights-who-say-ni]

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[l0x-c0d3z]

I've signed the CLA.

[ZackerySpytz]

Please open an issue on bugs.python.org. Also, this change should have a news entry.

[l0x-c0d3z]

Bug report created at https://bugs.python.org/issue40849
And I've added the NEWS entry.

[l0x-c0d3z]

Added myself to ACKS to make patchcheck happy.

[tiran]

@l0x-c0d3z We still don't have your contributor agreement in the database. It's possible that it was not assigned to your GH account correctly.

[csabella]

@l0x-c0d3z, please see the previous comments about signing the CLA. Without a signed CLA, this PR will be closed. Thank you.

[csabella]

The tool for checking the CLA shows that it is signed, so we'll need to see why the bot keeps flagging it as not signed.

[tiran]

The bot does not recognize your CLA. Could you please verify that you used the correct GH account and that the email address from your commit matches GH settings?

[bedevere-bot]

A Python core developer has requested some changes be made to your pull request before we can consider merging it. If you could please address their requests along with any other requests in other reviews from core developers that would be appreciated.

Once you have made the requested changes, please leave a comment on this pull request containing the phrase I have made the requested changes; please review again. I will then notify any core developers who have left a review that you're ready for them to take another look at this pull request.

[l0x-c0d3z]

Ok, rewrote the commit history to change the emails, and the knights have now given their blessing.

I have made the requested changes; please review again

[bedevere-bot]

Thanks for making the requested changes!

@tiran: please review the changes made to this pull request.

[tiran]

Thanks!

Knight Bedevere is picky.