bpo-34636: Use fast path for more chars in SRE category macros.

[sir-sigurd]

When handling \s, \d, or \w (and their inverse) escapes in bytes regexes this a small but measurable performance improvement.

https://bugs.python.org/issue34636

[gpshead]

Confirming the microoptimization here with a non-debug (opt) build:

~/oss/cpython$ sre-before/python -m timeit -s "import re; s = (b'~' * 1000000); f = re.compile(b'\s\w\d').search" "f(s)"
20 loops, best of 5: 11 msec per loop
~/oss/cpython$ sre-after/python -m timeit -s "import re; s = (b'~' * 1000000); f = re.compile(b'\s\w\d').search" "f(s)"
20 loops, best of 5: 10.1 msec per loop

Those results are consistent across reruns.

[gpshead]

I confirmed that the valued used make sense and match pyctype where the values are defined.

[miss-islington]

@sir-sigurd: Status check is done, and it's a success ✅ .